THE SHAHNAMEH was completed in the year 1010 by the Persian poet Ferdowsi. A monumental undertaking encompassing ancient myths, legends, and history, it is one of Iran's most cherished works of literature. Where in Volume I the action is driven by the heroic feats of the family of Saam, Zaal, and Rostam, Volume II recounts the rise of other valorous characters, such as the members of Goodarz's family, including his sons Giv and Rohaam, and his grandson Bijan. We see the emergence of a powerful Tooran-Zamin with its intricate web of strategic plots, seemingly led by Afraasiyaab but crafted behind the scenes by two important driving forces: Piran and Garsivaz. At some point, Afraasiyaab fears that Siaavoosh and Khosrow pose a threat to his throne and crown. Afraasiyaab subjects them to life-threatening challenges. Not satisfied with the slaying of Siaavoosh by the wicked Garsivaz, the malevolent king attempts to capture and kill Khosrow and Faranguis, who are his grandson and his daughter. After seven years of searching and with much effort, Giv finds the two and helps them escape to Iran, where Kay Khosrow finally accedes to his grandfather's throne. He rules with justice but with only one goal in mind: to avenge the death of his father. This volume concludes with the touching story of Bijan suffering years of bitter imprisonment for falling in love with Manigeh, Afraasiyaab's daughter. Once again, Rostam comes to the rescue and frees Bijan, his grandson, to return him to the King of Iran, who blesses his union with Manigeh.