The Treatment of Mycosis with Imidazole Derivatives

1 Introduction.- 1.1 Antimicrobial Therapy.- 1.2 Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Mucous Membranes.- 1.3 Antimicrobial Drugs for Local Application.- 2 Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobials for Local Application.- 2.1 Preliminary Remarks.- 2.2 Disinf ectants and Antiseptics.- 2.3 Antibiotics.- 2.4 Chemotherapeutic Agents.- 2.5 Imidazole Derivatives with Antimicrobial Action.- 3 Econazole.- 3.1 General.- 3.2 Chemical Structure.- 3.3 Physical Properties.- 3.4 Antimicrobial Spectrum.- 4 General Microbiology of Imidazole Derivatives for Local Application.- 4.1 Preliminary Remarks.- 4.2 Modeof Action.- 4.3 Resistance and Tolerance.- 4.4 Interactions with Other Compounds.- 4.5 Bioavailability Studies.- 5 Therapeutic Use of Imidazole Derivatives in Animals (Experimental Therapy).- 5.1 Local Application.- 5.2 Systemic Application.- 6 General Pharmacology of the Imidazole Derivatives in Man and Animals.- 6.1 Pharmacologic Properties (Apart from Antimicrobial Action) ...- 6.2 Absorption, Excretion, and Metabolism in Animals.- 6.3 Absorption, Excretion, and Metabolism in Man.- 6.4 Sensitization.- 6.5 Anaphylactoid Activity.- 7 Toxicology of the Imidazole Derivatives.- 7.1 Preliminary Remarks.- 7.2 SystemicToxicity.- 7.3 LocalToxicity.- 8 Clinical Pharmacology of Topical Antimicrobials with Special Regard to the Imidazole Derivatives.- 8.1 Preliminary Remarks.- 8.2 Physical Properties.- 8.3 SkinTolerance.- 8.4 Sensitization.- 8.5 Photosensitizing Reactions.- 8.6 Interactions with Substances on the Skin Surface.- 8.7 Penetration and Absorption.- 8.8 Systemic Administration.- 8.9 Use in Veterinary Mediane and the Food Industry.- 8.10 Special Clinical Pharmacologic Considerations in the Local Application of Antimicrobials.- 8.11 Clinical Pharmacology of the Preparation.- 9 Microbial Infections in Man.- 9.1 General.- 9.2 Increase in Microbial Infections of Body Surfaces.- 9.3 Saprophytes and Parasites on Body Surf aces.- 9.4 Mixed and Double Inf ections of Body Surf aces.- 10 Mycoses.- 10.1 Etiology of Mycoses.- 10.2 The Increase in Mycoses.- 10.3 Classification of Mycoses.- 10.4 Mycoses of the Skin and Mucous Membranes.- 10.5 Mycoses of the Female Genitalia.- 10.6 Systemic Mycoses.- 10.7 General Principles in the Treatment of Mycoses.- 11 Systemic Administration of Antimycotically Active Imidazole Derivatives in Man.- 12 Local Application of Antimycotically Active Imidazole Derivatives in Man.- 12.1 Application to the Outer Skin.- 12.2 Application to the Mucous Membranes.- 13 Combined Use of Imidazole Derivatives and Glucocortoids for the Local Treatment of Skin Diseases.- 13.1 Preliminary Remarks.- 13.2 Combination of Antibiotics with Glucocortoids.- 13.3 Salicylic Acid, Haloprogin, Clioquinol, Chlorquinaldol, and Triclosan.- 13.4 Imidazole Derivatives and Glucocortoids.- 13.5 Indications for the Combined Use of Imidazole Derivatives and Glucocorticoids.- 14 Assessment of Mycoses in Various Branches of Mediane.- 14.1 Dermatology.- 14.2 Gynecology.- 14.3 Pediatrics.- 14.4 Stomatology.- 14.5 Otolaryngology.- 14.6 Otorhinolaryngology.- 14.7 Proctology.- 14.8 Urology.- 14.9 Internal Mediane.- 14.10 Orthopedics.- 14.11 Surgery, Intensive Care, Anesthesiology.- 15 Concluding Remarks.- 16 References.- 17 Subject Index.