The U.S. Japan alliance has faced new challenges: domestic opposition to U.S. bases in Okinawa; Chinese criticism of a stronger U.S.-Japan security relationship; and growing international frustration with Japan's economic policies. The alliance remains crucial to both nations' interests, but the management of bilateral security ties has become more complex. The U.S.-Japan Alliance explains the inner workings of that alliance and recommends new approaches to sustain this critical bilateral security relationship. The authors are scholars and practitioners who understand where the alliance came from, how it is managed, and the strategic decisions that will have to be made in the future. The volume is divided into four sections: the role of the alliance in the context of the East Asian strategic environment; the bilateral military relationship; the domestic politics of the alliance in both Japan and the United States; and the economic dimension of the security relationship. The volume concludes with the editors' recommended agenda for the future of the alliance.