This handbook aims to provide an easy to follow summary of the laboratory techniques and sample collection guidelines which will be of practical value for routine diagnostic work in regional and district veterinary laboratories, especially those in isolated regions of developing and developed countries. This is not intended to be a comprehensive laboratory text but it does aim to provide a broad range of topics related to diagnostic work and the technical back-up required for animal health services in regions of the world where the infrastructure is still in the early stages of development. The technology described is selected to emphasize the practical aspects of diagnosis and veterinary work rather than the theory. For additional information a list of references is provided at the end of each chapter. In addition to the above, the book is designed to be a guide for planners to make the best use of aid funding i.e. by addressing sustainability and durability of input i.e..human resources, buildings, equipment, transport . It also addresses the need ensure good integration between the laboratory and field extension services to ensure effective and efficient disease reporting and rapid disease response.