For many years already Bali is a very popular tourist destination, while the neighbouring island of Lombok is rather unknown. As the islands show many similarities, like the location, size, language and political structures, the explanation for their different development is sought after in this work. Therefore an analysis of facts like size and population, the sights and activities and the tourism development itself is done. In addition, visitor statistics are examined to support the analysis. The ensuing comparison of the islands then shows a number of differentiating and highly influential factors, such as the religion, culture, economy and the political support. With the help of what can be seen from Bali's past, suggestions for the successful future development of Lombok are made as well as some recommendations for Bali on how to deal with former mistakes or correct weaknesses.