This book is written as a dissertation for the degree of PhD at Carl von Ossietzky University "Oldenburg University." It is in the field of microtonal and spectral Music. This book presents possible microtonal harmonies in different tuning-systems specially in maqam music. It is written in parallel with compositions that make the tangible proof to the theories. The main themes of these compositions are maqam, microtonal and spectral music. The aim of the book is to give a new perspective to composers, musicians and theorists for possible merge between the traditional or Oriental Music and contemporary Western Music in new Transnational Music. In addition to that, harmony in traditional music and its esthetic is one of the main arguments that the book probes into.