This book investigates the ways in which the characteristics of a developing country's domestic industrial sector – for example, oligopolistic markets, the position of foreign enterprises, and the acquisition of modern technologies – affect its chances of industrializing far enough to engage in substantial export trade.Particular attention is devoted to the real-world imperfections frequently overlooked by orthodox economists. Case studies are included of, for example, Brazilian civil aircraft, Korean semi-conductors, and the automobile industry in a number of developing countries.The volume contributes to a better appreciation of the actual problems and constraints of industrialization and growth in developing countries and points the way to useful further lines of research.