Tropical medicine has surfaced and retained its position as a significant discipline for the analysis of diseases native in the tropic, specifically those diseases which have infectious etiology and the emergence and reemergence of several tropical pathologies have currently provoked the interest of numerous fields of the analysis of tropical medicine, inclusive of novel infectious agents. Information based on evidence along with ordered updates are required. This book provides up-to-date information on various diseases and conditions of interest in the field. It encompasses pathologies caused by viruses, parasites and bacteria as well as tropical non-infectious conditions. The book not only discusses epidemiological aspects, but also preventive, genetic, therapeutic, social, bioinformatics, diagnostic, and molecular ones. This book serves as a great source of information with a broad geographical perspective.