Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy and Drainage

A. Introduction.- 1 General.- 2 Historical Development of Aspiration Biopsy Under Ultrasound and Computed Tomographic Guidance.- B. Principles and Technique.- 1 Principles of Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy Under Continuous Vision.- 2 Localizing the Biopsy Needle in the Sonographic Image.- 3 Procedure for Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy.- 4 Standard Biopsy Needles for Cytology, Histology, and Bacteriology.- C. Results.- 1 General.- 2 Results of Fine-Needle Aspirations for Specific Organs and Body Regions.- 3 Preparation of Specimens for Cytologic Examination — Possibilities and Limitations.- 4 Biopsy for Histologic Examination.- 5 A Pathologist’s View of Needle Biopsy.- 6 Does Needle Biopsy Promote Tumor Spread?.- D. Practical Aspects of Biopsy and Drainage, Indications, Risks.- 1 Renal Biopsy.- 2 Liver Biopsy.- 3 Percutaneous Nephrostomy.- 4 Aspiration of Pancreatic Pseudocysts.- E. Concluding Remarks.- References.