Designed for beginning teachers, this comprehensive study guide from XAMonline is your must-have resource to prepare for the Virginia Communication and Literacy Assessment (VCLA) certification exam. This VCLA study guide is aligned specifically to current state standards and offers an overview of the core competencies and skills for the domains of Reading Comprehension and Analysis, and Writing Knowledge and Proficiency. Once you've mastered key concepts like cause-and-effect relationships, improving unity and focus, and correcting sentence fragments and run-ons practice for the real exam with 74 multiple-choice and two constructed response questions. All questions include detailed answer rationales. Don't let a certification test delay your teaching career; get the guide that gets results, XAMonline for certification success the first time