This issue of Clinics in Laboratory Medicine provides approaches and diagnostic techniques relating to the assessment of small and exotic animals. Topics covered include: Clinical Approach to Advanced Renal Function Testing in Dogs and Cats; A Laboratory Diagnostic Approach to Hepatobiliary Disease in Small Animals; Diagnosis of Small Intestinal Disorders in Dogs and Cats; Practical Interpretation and Application of Exocrine Pancreatic Testing in Small Animals; Using Cardiac Biomarkers in Veterinary Practice; Use of Lactate in Small Animal Practice; Diagnosis of Disorders of Iron Metabolism in Dogs and Cats; Making Sense of Lymphoma Diagnostics in Small Animal Patients; Hematology of Domestic Ferret; Hematological Assessment in Pet Rabbits: Blood Sample Collection and Blood Cell Identification; Hematological Assessment in Pet Rats, Mice, Hamsters, and Gerbils: Blood Sample Collection and Blood Cell Identification; Hematological Assessments in Pet Guinea Pigs: Blood Sample Collection and Blood Cell Identification; Avian Hematology; Reptile Hematology; Fish Hematology and Associated Disorders; Evaluation of the Blood Film.