In Europe, the majority of sex workers are migrant women. Who are these migrant sex workers? Innocent victims of human trafficking, illegal migrants or just providers of sexual services? This study analyses human rights discourses regarding migrant sex work and human trafficking with the help of Foucault's discourse theory. The question of women's consent, the contextualisation of migrant sex work and trafficking in organised crime or survival strategies, are crucial to understand the conflicting discourses, perception of migrant sex workers and the strategies to which the discourses lead. International anti-trafficking legislation does not serve for the judgements made by migrant prostitutes and rather contributes to a victimisation discourse regarding sex workers by adopting a criminalisation strategy in which women's human rights are not the main focus anymore. Concerns about security and immigration control prevail. Trafficked women are only used for anti-trafficking crime proceedings where they become victims without rights. The protection and respect for human rights of trafficked persons take the back seat. Two cases (Sweden and Switzerland) are illustrated in this study.