This book opens to the reader the world of early medieval Armenia: its sacred landscapes, striking churches, and rich literary and religious traditions. Examination of three sculpted and inscribed monuments, produced during the global wars of the seventh century, demonstrates the close engagement of Armenia with Byzantine imperial interests and with contemporary events in the Holy Land. The dramatic context of the military frontier, and the apocalyptic expectations of its contemporaries, shaped a vibrant visual culture with ties to both the Byzantine and Sasanian worlds. The seventh-century monuments of Armenia are important not just as an extraordinary moment of local cultural production; they fill a crucial gap in our knowledge about the medieval traditions of the Christian East at a time from which little survives from Constantinople and the imperial heartland. East of Rome, North of Jerusalem is the first English-language book devoted to the subject.