This research sets out to understand the impact of Health Information Systems (HIS) on individuals, organisations and society in the South African (SA) Public Health System (PHS). The theory of Transactional Analysis (TA) was used in order to understand the PHS in SA, and why such systems have the effect that they do. The PHS was analysed as a living system, with a mind and body. By examining the mind of the PHS, a number of Pastimes, Power Plays and Games were identified in which the System is engaged in as a means for individuals to gain recognition, status, power over others, or acknowledgement of their existence. To ensure a positive impact of HIS interventions, the DNA of the PHS needs to be matched based on the pathology evident in that host organisation. This is the first time that TA has been applied in such a way to understand the PHS, and the insights gained may benefit other Developing Countries or PHS wanting to make a positive impact on the PHS, individuals and society.