A paleolimnological approach was taken to aid the Grand Portage Reservation, in northeastern Minnesota, in determin-ing reference conditions for lakes on the reservation. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Grand Portage Band of Chippewa Indians and the Science Museum of Min-nesota, conducted a study to describe water quality (2000-08) and historical total phosphorus concentrations (approximately 1781-2006) for Swamp and Speckled Trout Lakes. Results from this study may be used as a guide in establishing nutri-ent criteria in these and other lakes on the Grand Portage Reservation.