Ecological concern is not merely an environmental concern but also calls for prudent use of water resources. Planning and implementation of water resources projects involve a number of socio-economic aspects and issues such as environmental sustainability, appropriate resettlement and rehabilitation of project-affected people and livestock, public health concerns of water impoundment, dam safety etc. This book presents views and opinions of experts regarding conservation and effective utilisation of water resources that are fast becoming scarce in their availability. The contributors in the book include experts in drought studies, environmental studies, public utility studies, agriculture and watershed management areas. The suggestions based on the micro level studies are of immense relevance and would be useful for policy formulation and practical implementation of the programmes.