This 1996 Work-Related Lung Disease (WoRLD) Surveillance Report is the fourth in a series of occupational respiratory disease surveillance reports produced by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The purpose of this 1996 report is to provide national and state-specific summaries of occupational respiratory disease surveillance data focusing on pneumoconiosis mortality. Selected occupational respiratory hazard sampling data relevant to pneumoconiosis are also presented. The 1996 WoRLD Surveillance Report has three sections: 1) a highlights and limitations section that provides data highlights and data usage limitations; 2) a United States section that serves to update and expand overall national data provided in the 1994 WoRLD Surveillance Report; and 3) a state section that provides detailed profiles of pneumoconiosis data for each state in the U.S.. The United States section updates pneumoconiosis mortality surveillance data published previously in the 1994 WoRLD Surveillance Report, by including data available for 1991 and 1992. For each condition, this section presents nation al data such as counts, crude and age-adjusted mortality rates, and years of potential life lost to age 65 to and life expectancy. Proportionate mortality ratios by industry and occupation, are based on data from a subset of states for which usual industry and occupation have been coded for decedents. Also presented are U.S. county level maps showing the geographic distribution of mortality for each pneumoconiosis condition. In addition, this section presents selected occupational exposure sampling data for asbestos, coal and coal mine dust, silica dust, cotton dust, etc. The State section provides more detailed pneumoconiosis mortality surveillance data for each state and for the District of Columbia. The State section is organized so that tables and graphs of data for each state are grouped together. Selected graphs, tables, and maps present pneumoconiosis mortality from 1968 to 1992 for each state, as well as for counties within each state. Surveillance data include counts, crude and age-adjusted mortality rates, and years of potential life lost to life expectancy.