Young People Leaving State Care in China
Autor Xiaoyuan Shang, Karen R. Fisheren Limba Engleză Hardback – 15 aug 2017
For children who grow up being cared for by the state, rather than their families, in China, the past twenty years has seen a shift: China has gone away from keeping those children in institutions and towards alternative approaches that attempt to honor children’s rights to an inclusive childhood and adulthood. This book reviews the changes in policy and practice that underlie this shift, and, through interviews with young people involved with state care in the period, presents a clear view of how the change in approach has affected individual lives. As this is an issue that all countries struggle with, the lessons on offer here will be of value not just to those working in and studying China but to a broader range of practitioners in child welfare and development.
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9781447336693
ISBN-10: 1447336690
Pagini: 264
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 20 mm
Greutate: 0.56 kg
Editura: Bristol University Press
Colecția Policy Press
ISBN-10: 1447336690
Pagini: 264
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 20 mm
Greutate: 0.56 kg
Editura: Bristol University Press
Colecția Policy Press
Notă biografică
Xiaoyuan Shang is professor at Beijing Normal University and associate professor in the Social Policy Research Centre at the University of New South Wales, Australia. Karen R. Fisher is professor in the Social Policy Research Centre at the University of New South Wales, Australia.
Cuprins
List of tables and figures
Glossary and abbreviations
Authors
Acknowledgements
one Introduction to leaving state care in China
Context of young people leaving care in China
International framework to understand the problem of leaving state care
Research approach
Profiles of young people in care
Structure of the book
two Children in alternative care
Children in state care
Children with disabilities in state care
Alternative care for children in state guardianship
Adoption
Institutional care provided by state child welfare institutions
Non-governmental child welfare
Summary about alternative care
three Alternative care practices in child welfare institutions
Beijing and its districts’ child welfare institutions
Taiyuan Child Welfare Institution, Shanxi
Urumqi Child Welfare Institution, Xinjiang
Nanning Welfare Institution, Guangxi
Summary of child welfare institution practices
four Leaving care policies
Overview of welfare transition policies
Beijing
Shanxi Province
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
Policy directions to support independence in other cities
Summary of policies about transition from care and other orphaned children
five Social inclusion impact of a childhood in state care
Positive experiences in childhood
Negative experiences in childhood
Summary of experiences of support during childhood
six Self-identity of young people leaving state care
Formation of identity
Who am I?
My position in the community?
What kind of person do I want to become in the future?
How can I become the person that I want to be?
Positive identities
Conclusion about the identity of young people leaving state care
seven Economic security of young people leaving care
Policy context for economic independence
Becoming adults – three forms of income support
Economic independence through paid employment
Employed temporarily at the state child welfare institution
Unemployed and relying on state child welfare institutions
Other options for economic security in order to leave state care
Social protection of social exclusion?
Conclusion about economic security
eight Social networks and the employment of young people leaving care
Social network framework
Case study of young people leaving foster care
Foster parents as strong ties in job search
Welfare institution strong ties in job introduction and employment
Acquaintance weak ties in job search
Building new weak ties
Implications for policies to support young people leaving care
Conclusion about social networks and employment
nine Housing pathways of young people leaving care
Housing and social inclusion
Housing systems and housing security for young people
Housing policies for young people leaving care
Social exclusion and young people’s housing security
Housing status of young people leaving care
Impact of housing constraints on social inclusion
Conclusion about housing security
ten State support for children in informal care
Policy context of informal care
Government support for formal and informal alternative care
Impact of informal care on social inclusion
Challenges of transition for young people leaving informal care
Conclusion about informal foster care
eleven Growing up in institutional family group care
Approach to alternative care at the institution
Self-identity
Characteristics of growing up in family group care
Challenges of the transition from family group care
Conclusion about family group care
twelve Policy implications for young people leaving care in China
Experiences of young people leaving care
Policies to support leaving care
References
Appendix: Characteristics of young people participating in the research
Index
Glossary and abbreviations
Authors
Acknowledgements
one Introduction to leaving state care in China
Context of young people leaving care in China
International framework to understand the problem of leaving state care
Research approach
Profiles of young people in care
Structure of the book
two Children in alternative care
Children in state care
Children with disabilities in state care
Alternative care for children in state guardianship
Adoption
Institutional care provided by state child welfare institutions
Non-governmental child welfare
Summary about alternative care
three Alternative care practices in child welfare institutions
Beijing and its districts’ child welfare institutions
Taiyuan Child Welfare Institution, Shanxi
Urumqi Child Welfare Institution, Xinjiang
Nanning Welfare Institution, Guangxi
Summary of child welfare institution practices
four Leaving care policies
Overview of welfare transition policies
Beijing
Shanxi Province
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
Policy directions to support independence in other cities
Summary of policies about transition from care and other orphaned children
five Social inclusion impact of a childhood in state care
Positive experiences in childhood
Negative experiences in childhood
Summary of experiences of support during childhood
six Self-identity of young people leaving state care
Formation of identity
Who am I?
My position in the community?
What kind of person do I want to become in the future?
How can I become the person that I want to be?
Positive identities
Conclusion about the identity of young people leaving state care
seven Economic security of young people leaving care
Policy context for economic independence
Becoming adults – three forms of income support
Economic independence through paid employment
Employed temporarily at the state child welfare institution
Unemployed and relying on state child welfare institutions
Other options for economic security in order to leave state care
Social protection of social exclusion?
Conclusion about economic security
eight Social networks and the employment of young people leaving care
Social network framework
Case study of young people leaving foster care
Foster parents as strong ties in job search
Welfare institution strong ties in job introduction and employment
Acquaintance weak ties in job search
Building new weak ties
Implications for policies to support young people leaving care
Conclusion about social networks and employment
nine Housing pathways of young people leaving care
Housing and social inclusion
Housing systems and housing security for young people
Housing policies for young people leaving care
Social exclusion and young people’s housing security
Housing status of young people leaving care
Impact of housing constraints on social inclusion
Conclusion about housing security
ten State support for children in informal care
Policy context of informal care
Government support for formal and informal alternative care
Impact of informal care on social inclusion
Challenges of transition for young people leaving informal care
Conclusion about informal foster care
eleven Growing up in institutional family group care
Approach to alternative care at the institution
Self-identity
Characteristics of growing up in family group care
Challenges of the transition from family group care
Conclusion about family group care
twelve Policy implications for young people leaving care in China
Experiences of young people leaving care
Policies to support leaving care
References
Appendix: Characteristics of young people participating in the research
Index
Recenzii
"This book provides us with intriguing stories of Chinese orphans in their adulthood. It also offers a telling argument for changing practices to ensure a better future for children in state care."