Apple of Discord: The "Hungarian Factor" in Austro-Serbian Relations, 1867-1881: Central European Studies

The "Ausgleich," the Austro-Hungarian compromise that reconstituted the Empire as a dual monarchy, gave Hungary a limited voice in foreign affairs; and it was at the request of the Hungarian premier, Count Gyula Andrassy, that the young politician Benjamin Kallay was appointed representative at Belgrade in 1868. Both men were obsessed with the threat posed by Russia and particularly concerned that Serbia might be used as a stalking horse for Russian influence among the Monarchy's South Slavs. They pursued a shadow policy designed to draw Serbia firmly into the Monarchy's sphere of influence, which contradicted that of the foreign minister, Count Beust, and resulted in a serious deterioration in relations with Serbia by 1871. After 1871 Andrassy, as foreign minister, laid the foundations for a more explicit control of Serbia; Kallay, as a senior diplomat, negotiated the treaties that, by 1881, locked Serbia into satellite status for a generation.

Through detailed archival research in multiple languages and a painstaking reconstruction of diplomatic events, Armour illuminates a crucial period in Central European history, showing how the origins of a war that claimed millions of lives can be traced to political maneuverings almost fifty years before.