Over the past decade, since the publication of the first edition, there have been new advances in solving complex geoinformatics problems. Advancements in computing power, computing platforms, mathematical models, statistical models, geospatial algorithms, and the availability of data in various domains, among other things, have aided in the automation of complex real-world tasks and decision-making that inherently rely on geospatial data. Of the many fields benefiting from these latest advancements, machine learning, particularly deep learning, virtual reality, and game engine, have increasingly gained the interest of many researchers and practitioners. This revised new edition provides up-to-date knowledge on the latest developments related to these three fields for solving geoinformatics problems.
FEATURES

• Contains a comprehensive collection of advanced big data approaches, techniques, and technologies for geoinformatics problems
• Provides seven new chapters on deep learning models, algorithms, and structures, including a new chapter on how spatial metaverse is used to build immersive realistic virtual experiences
• Presents information on how deep learning is used for solving real-world geoinformatics problems

This book is intended for researchers, academics, professionals, and students in such fields as computing and information, civil and environmental engineering, environmental sciences, geosciences, geology, geography, and urban studies.