This is a book of a series on interdisciplinary topics on the Mathematical and Biological Sciences. The chapters correspond to selected papers on special research themes, which have been presented at BIOMAT 2014 International Symposium on Mathematical and Computational Biology which was held in the Stefan Banach International Mathematical Centre at Bedlewo near Poznan, Poland on November 03 – 07, 2014. The treatment is both pedagogical yet advanced in order to motivate research students as well as to fulfill the requirements of professional practitioners. As in the other volumes of this series, there are new important results on the interdisciplinary fields of mathematical and biological sciences and comprehensive reviews written by prominent scientific leaders of famous research groups.