Reflecting the success of the first workshop of the Cyprus Institute entitled Climate Change and Energy Pathways for the Mediterranean held in Cyprus in 2005, these proceedings present an overview of the implications of climate change for the eastern Mediterranean and the impact of climate change response on regional economic activity, particularly in the hydrocarbon industry. The 11 invited papers and the summaries of presentations and interactive discussion of the workshop emphasize regional implications and set the stage to build a research strategy for the newly established Cyprus Institute. This book is aimed not just at scientists and researchers, but at policy makers and politicians, particularly in the Mediterranean region.