This paper addresses especially to those who want to consolidate their credit risk management knowledge for the purpose of discerning in the complexity of the financial world and to understand the ways by which they can optimize the investments financing and to manage risks they face in their activity. Given the importance of credit risk management, a more comprehensive analysis is conducted in order to present the credit risk assessment and mitigating methods, modern approaches on credit risk and related policies and procedures, highlighting the improvements on credit risk approaches under the Basel II Framework.