Rapid growth and urbanization with new technological advancement in industries like paper, textile, metal plating, tannery, etc have been contaminating the existing water resources by discharging effluent. The untreated effluent discharged into the environment, causes severe contamination of surface and underground water resulting in adverse effects on the general health of the residents around the area. The present book is aimed to explore microbial populations, having the potential to decolorize and degrade dyes from textile dyeing industry effluent. It is also aimed to find out the physiological conditions necessary for the organisms, under which they decolorize the dyes. In this study entitiled "Decolorization of textile dyeing industry effluent using Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ganoderma lucidum" the approaches are considered by identification of microbial species, collection and maintenance of the fungal species, culturing the organisms in the selected solid substrates for enzyme production, extraction and purification of enzymes, determination of protein content and enzyme activity, decolorization of textile dyeing industry effluent using the selecte