Defending the Nation is a cultural history of science and engineering (S&E) policymaking in the United States from World War II to the post 9/11 era. With thorough analysis of S&E policy, this book argues that powerful individuals and social groups have significantly influenced the education and training of scientists and engineers. This book provides policymakers, scientists, engineers, and educators with a deeper knowledge on which to build their reform agendas for the future.