The so-called Phoenician 'expansion' in the western Mediterranean is treated here from the point of view of the social and economic factors that led to the phenomenon and the way it evolved over a period of approximately 300 years. To this end, the book gathers, collates and analyses the disparate evidence for networks of interaction in the western Mediterranean and Atlantic regions of Europe and north Africa in the period from the 9th to the 7th century BC. The focus form the less-well known areas of the expansion, the Iberian Peninsula and north-west Africa, which are studied within the broader context of Mediterranean interactions in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age periods from the Near East to the Atlantic. The discussion is detailed and takes into account some of the latest archaeological discoveries, along with previously unpublished material. Detailed descriptions of selected sites are provided in an appendix.