This Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is prepared in response to an application submitted by AREVA Enrichment Services, LLC (AES) for a license that would allow the construction, operation, and decommissioning of a gas centrifuge uranium enrichment facility near Idaho Falls in Bonneville County, Idaho. The NRC has prepared this EIS to analyze the environmental impacts (i.e., direct, indirect, and cumulative impacts) of the proposed EREF as well as reasonable alternatives to the proposed action. The scope of this EIS includes consideration of both radiological and non-radiological impacts associated with the proposed action and the reasonable alternatives. In addition, this EIS identifies resource uses, monitoring programs, potential mitigation measures, unavoidable adverse environmental impacts, the relationship between short-term uses of the environment and long-term productivity, and irreversible and irretrievable commitments of resources.