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Epoxy-based Spacers for Gas Insulated Power Apparatus

Autor Boxue Du, Hucheng Liang
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 14 noi 2023
This book offers an insight into the insulation failures in GIS/GIL and provides practical guidance for improving the insulation reliability of epoxy-based spacers. High voltage gas-insulated apparatuses, including gas-insulated switchgears (GIS) and transmission lines (GIL), playing an important role in the global power transmission system. Epoxy-based spacers are key components in GIS/GIL, playing the role of electrical insulation and mechanical support. However, insulation failures frequently occur around the epoxy-based spacers, threatening the safe operation of the electric power system. Three topics make up this book, with seven to nine chapters in each topic. In the first topic, the surface charging and discharging behaviors of epoxy-based spacers are discussed to deepen the readers’ understanding on the insulation problems in GIS/GIL. And the insulation breakdown of epoxy-based spacers is found to be closely related to the electric field distortion under complex operating conditions. In the second topic, original researches on the surface functionally graded materials (SFGM) are presented for relaxing the electric field distortion around the epoxy-based spacers in both AC and DC GIS/GIL, and a series of optimization methods and fabrication techniques for the SFGM spacers are introduced and discussed. In the last topic, the nonlinear conductivity materials (NCM), also known as self-adaptive materials or intelligent materials, are applied as coatings to adaptively regulate the electric field distributions along the surfaces of the epoxy-based spacers. Besides, the concept of the multi-dimensional functionally graded materials (MFGM) is proposed to uniform the electric field distributions in DC GIS/GIL under stationary and transient voltages, exhibiting great potential in the future application.
 
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9789811971136
ISBN-10: 9811971137
Pagini: 497
Ilustrații: XVI, 497 p. 400 illus., 337 illus. in color.
Dimensiuni: 155 x 235 mm
Greutate: 0.92 kg
Ediția:1st ed. 2023
Editura: Springer Nature Singapore
Colecția Springer
Locul publicării:Singapore, Singapore

Cuprins

1 Electric Field Distribution around Basin-type Spacer in DC-GIS 
1.1 Introduction 
1.2 Mathematical Model 
1.3 Results and Discussion 
1.4 Conclusion 
2 Gas Convection Affecting Surface Charge and Electric Field Distribution around Tri-post Insulators 
in DC-GIL 
2.1 Introduction 
2.2 Simulation and Parameters 
2.3 Results and Discussion 
2.4 Conclusion 
3 Polarity Reversal and Over Voltage Affecting Discharge Inception of Tri-post Insulator in DC-GIL 
3.1 Introduction 
3.2 Simulation and Parameters 
3.3 Results and Discussion 
3.4 Conclusion 
4 Simulation on Surface Charge Accumulation of Epoxy Resin under Needle-Plane Corona Discharge 
in Air 
4.1 Introduction 
4.2 Simulation Model 
4.3 Results and Discussion 
4.4 Conclusion 
5 Surface Charge Dynamic Behaviors of Epoxy Resin under Combined Effects of DC and Pulse 
Voltages 
5.1 Introduction 
5.2 Experimental Arrangement 
5.3 Results and Discussion 
5.4 Conclusion 
6 Surface Charge Accumulation and Decay Behaviors of Epoxy Resin under Combined Effects of AC 
and Pulse Voltages 
6.1 Introduction 
6.2 Experimental Arrangement 
6.3 Results and Discussion 
6.4 Conclusion 
7 Effects of Surface Charge on DC Flashover Characteristics of Epoxy/BN Nanocomposites 
7.1 Introduction 
7.2 Experimental Arrangement 
7.3 Results and Discussion 
7.4 Conclusion 
8 Temperature Dependent Surface Charge and Discharge Behaviors of Epoxy/AIN Nanocomposites 
8.1 Introduction 
8.2 Experimental Arrangement 
8.3 Results and Discussion 
8.4 Conclusion 
9 Surface Charging and Discharging Behaviors of Epoxy-Based Spacer in DC-GIL 
9.1 Introduction 
9.2 Experimental Arrangement 
9.3 Surface Charge and Flashover Characteristics under DC stress 
9.4 Conclusion 
Surface Functionally Graded Materials for GIL/GIS 
10 Surface Functionally Graded Insulator for Electric Field Grading in AC Gas Insulated Power 
Apparatus 
10.1 Introduction 
10.2 Concept of SFGM 
10.3 Fabrication of SFGM Insulator 
10.4 Electric Field Simulation 
10.5 Flashover Test Results 
10.6 Conclusions 
11 Epoxy-based Insulator with Permittivity-graded Surface Layer by Magnetron Sputtering for Gas-
insulated Lines 
11.1 Introduction 
11.2 BaTiO3 Layer Deposition 
11.3 Simulation and Optimization 
11.4 SFGM Insulator Fabrication 
11.5 Results and Discussion 
11.6 Conclusions 
12 Electric Field Relaxation by Surface Functionally Graded Spacer for Compact HVDC Gas Insulated 
Apparatus 
12.1 Introduction 
12.2 σ-SFGM for Electrical Field Relaxation 
12.3 Fabrication of σ-SFGM Spacer 
12.4 Flashover Voltage of σ-SFGM Spacer 
12.5 Conclusions 
13 Novel Insulator with Surface σ-FGM for DC compact Gas Insulated Pipeline 
13.1 Introduction 
13.2 Novel Insulator with Interfacial σ-FGM 
13.3 Novel insulator with Interfacial σ-FGM 
13.4 Electric Field Simulation 
13.5 Improved Flashover Voltage 
13.6 Conclusions 
14 Epoxy-based Insulator with Surface Conductivity Gradient Material for HVDC Gas Insulated 
Pipeline by Sputtering 
14.1 Introduction 
14.2 SFGM Fabrication by Fluorination 
14.3 Optimization of Insulator with SFGM 
14.4 Electric Field Calculation 
14.5 Flashover Test 
14.6 Conclusions 
15 Electric Field Optimization of Epoxy-based Spacer with Surface Conductivity Gradient Material (σ-
SFGM) by Electrospinning 
15.1 Introduction 
15.2 Simulation Study 
15.3 Experimental Study 
15.4 Conclusions 
16 Parameter Design of Multi-dimensional Functionally Graded Materials (ε/σ-MFGM) for Epoxy-
based Spacers in HVDC GIL/GIS 
16.1 Introduction 
16.2 Surface Functionally Graded Material 
16.3 Multi-dimensional Functionally Graded Material 
16.4 Conclusions 
Electric Field Adaptive Materials for GIL/GIS 
17 Nonlinear Conductive Characteristics and Mechanisms of Epoxy/SiC Composites 
17.1 Introduction 
17.2 Experimental Arrangement 
17.3 Preparation and Characterization of Epoxy/SiC Composites 
17.4 Conductive and Breakdown Characteristics of Epoxy/SiC Composites 
17.5 Simulation and Analysis of Nonlinear Conductive Characteristics 
17.6 Conclusions 
18 Electrical Field Simulation of Epoxy Spacer with Nonlinear Conductivity for DC GIL 
18.1 Introduction 
18.2 Geometric Model and Governing Equations 
18.3 Simulation Results and Analysis 
18.4 Conclusions 
19 Field-adaptive Materials for Epoxy-based Insulator in HVDC GIL 
19.1 Introduction 
19.2 Simulation of IER Insulator Application 
19.3 Experimental Setup and Procedure 
19.4 Electrical Simulation Results 
19.5 Experimental Results and Discussion 
19.6 Conclusions 
20 Fabrication and Evaluation of Field-adaptive Insulator for DC-GIL Application 
20.1 Introduction 
20.2 Insulator Preparation and Basic Tests 
20.3 Simulation and Experimental Setup 
20.4 Results and Discussion 
20.5 Conclusions 
21 Epoxy-based Spacer with Functionally Graded Zno Film for HVDC Gas Insulated Line 
21.1 Introduction 
21.2 ZnO Film Deposition and Test 
21.3 Spacer Optimization and Fabrication 
21.4 Electrical Insulation Performance 
21.5 Conclusions 
22 Regulating Electric Field around Post-type Insulator in DC-GIL for ITER Neutral Beam Injector 
22.1 Introduction 
22.2 Simulation model 
22.3 Results and Discussion 
22.4 Conclusions 
23 Electric Field Optimization and Parameter Design of Surface Nonlinear Conductivity Spacer for 
±500 kV DC-GIL 
23.1 Introduction 
23.2 Simulation Model 
23.3 Surface Charge and Electric Field distributions under Different Conditions 
23.4 Parameter Optimization of SNC Spacer 
23.5 Conclusion 
24 Surface Charge and Electric Field Regulation of Surface Nonlinear Conductivity Spacers 
24.1 Introduction 
24.2 Design and Fabrication of SNC Spacers 
24.3 Electric Field Measurement on Electrode Surfaces 
24.4 Surface Charging and Discharging Characteristics of SNC Spacers 
24.5 Regulating Effects of SNC Spacers under Different Testing Conditions 
24.6 Conclusion 
25 Electric Field Control by Multi-dimensional Functional Materials for DC-GIS Spacer 
25.1 Introduction 
25.2 Design Concept and Simulation 
25.3 Results and Discussion 
25.4 Conclusion 

Notă biografică

Boxue Du received the M.E. degree in electrical engineering from Ibaraki University and the Ph.D. degree from Tokyo University of A&T. During 1996 to 2002, he was with The Niigata Institute of Science and Technology, Japan and was an Associate Professor. From 2000 to 2002, he was a Visiting Scientist at Niigata University, Japan. Since 2002 he has been a Professor and Director-founder of the Institute of High Voltage at the School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, China. His research interests are focused on dielectric failure mechanisms of polymer insulating materials, polymer dielectrics for energy storage, electrical insulation technology and application of polymer dielectrics under various extreme environments such as cryogenic, high temperature, high altitude, gamma-ray irradiation and high-intensity magnetic field. He has published 5 books and 25 book chapters in Polymer Dielectrics, and authored about 700 papers and over 210 of them published in IEEE Transactions. He has also served industry and start-ups as a consultant. He is an Editorial Boards Member of High Voltage, Journal of Electronics and Advanced Electrical Engineering, Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clear Energy, Chinese Journal of High Voltage Engineering, Insulation Materials and Electrical Engineering. He is a Fellow of IET, member at several WG in CIGRE and several Standards Committees in IEEE. He is an Associate Editor of IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, a Subject Editor of IET Nanodielectrics, and was an Associate Editor of IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation and IEEE Access.

Textul de pe ultima copertă

This book offers an insight into the insulation failures in GIS/GIL and provides practical guidance for improving the insulation reliability of epoxy-based spacers. High voltage gas-insulated apparatuses, including gas-insulated switchgears (GIS) and transmission lines (GIL), playing an important role in the global power transmission system. Epoxy-based spacers are key components in GIS/GIL, playing the role of electrical insulation and mechanical support. However, insulation failures frequently occur around the epoxy-based spacers, threatening the safe operation of the electric power system. Three topics make up this book, with seven to nine chapters in each topic. In the first topic, the surface charging and discharging behaviors of epoxy-based spacers are discussed to deepen the readers’ understanding on the insulation problems in GIS/GIL. And the insulation breakdown of epoxy-based spacers is found to be closely related to the electric field distortion under complex operating conditions. In the second topic, original researches on the surface functionally graded materials (SFGM) are presented for relaxing the electric field distortion around the epoxy-based spacers in both AC and DC GIS/GIL, and a series of optimization methods and fabrication techniques for the SFGM spacers are introduced and discussed. In the last topic, the nonlinear conductivity materials (NCM), also known as self-adaptive materials or intelligent materials, are applied as coatings to adaptively regulate the electric field distributions along the surfaces of the epoxy-based spacers. Besides, the concept of the multi-dimensional functionally graded materials (MFGM) is proposed to uniform the electric field distributions in DC GIS/GIL under stationary and transient voltages, exhibiting great potential in the future application.
 


Caracteristici

Provides a comprehensive review of the issues in GIS/GIL
Includes in-depth discussions on insulation failures
Covers a vast array of advanced theories and functional materials and promising techniques for power equipment RD