Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Metastases: Diagnosis and Treatment

1 Anatomy of the Liver.- 1.1 Hepatic Veins.- 1.2 Portal Vein.- 1.3 Hepatic Arteries.- 1.4 Biliary Ducts.- 1.5 Lymphatic Drainage.- 2 Malignant Liver Lesions: Pathology.- 2.1 Hepatocellular Carcinoma.- 2.2 Hepatoblastoma.- 2.3 Cholangiocarcinoma.- 2.4 Mesenchymal Tumors.- 2.5 Metastases.- 3 Diagnosis and Staging of Malignant Liver Disease.- 3.1 Clinical Aspects.- 3.2 Biochemical Tests.- 3.3 Techniques in Imaging Malignant Liver Disease.- 3.4 Imaging Malignant Focal Liver Lesions.- 3.5 Percutaneous Liver Biopsy.- 3.6 Principles of Staging of Liver Lesions.- 3.7 Which Method to Choose?.- 4 Surgical Treatment of Malignant Liver Lesions.- 4.1 Liver Resection.- 4.2 Arterial Ligature: Dearterialization.- 4.3 Cryosurgery.- 4.4 Transplantation.- 5 Radiotherapy.- 5.1 Tolerance of the Liver to Radiation.- 5.2 External Radiotherapy.- 5.3 Internal Radiotherapy.- 5.4 Radiotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy.- 6 Ethanol Injection Therapy of Liver Tumors.- 6.1 Patient Selection.- 6.2 Technique.- 6.3 Results.- 7 Systemic Chemotherapy.- 7.1 Tumor Response to Chemotherapy.- 7.2 Hepatocellular Carcinomas.- 7.3 Liver Metastases.- 8 Selective Perfusion of Chemotherapeutic Agents.- 8.1 General Considerations.- 8.2 Regional Chemotherapy: The “Surgical Way”.- 8.3 Regional Chemotherapy: the “Radiological” Way.- 8.4 Complications and Side Effects of Regional Chemotherapy.