This research considers sites of continental Greece and the Cycladic islands where, with the exception of contexts tied to the large Pan-Hellenic sanctuaries, the presence of at least one gymnasium has been identified. The field of investigation spans from the 6th to the 1st century BC. Each site is documented in detail and close critical examination made of the relative literary, epigraphic and archaeological sources, in order to reconstruct the setting, the relationship between buildings and the urban landscape, and the cultic systems.