In the Guardianship of God

Flora Annie Steel (1847 - 1929) was an English writer, who lived in British India for 22 years. She was noted especially for books set there or otherwise connected with the sub-continent. Flora Annie Steel was interested in relating to all classes of Indian society. The birth of her daughter gave her a chance to interact with local women and learn their language. She encouraged the production of local handicrafts and collected folk-tales, a collection of which she published in 1894. Her interest in schools and the education of women gave her a special insight into native life and character. A year before leaving India, she coauthored and published The Complete Indian Housekeeper and Cook, giving detailed directions to European women on all aspects of household management in India. In 1889 the family moved back to Scotland and she continued her writing there. Some of her best work, according to the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, is contained in two collections of short stories, From the Five Rivers and Tales of the Punjab. Her novel On the Face of the Waters (1896) describes incidents in the Indian Mutiny. She also wrote a popular history of India.