The nineteenth biennial International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging (IPMI) was held July 11–15, 2005 in Glenwood Springs, CO, USA on the Spring Valley campus of the Colorado Mountain College. Following the successful meeting in beautiful Ambleside in England, this year’s conference addressed important recent developments in a broad range of topics related to the acquisition, analysis and application of biomedical images. Interest in IPMI has been steadily growing over the last decade. This is p- tially due to the increased number of researchers entering the ?eld of medical imagingasaresultoftheWhitakerFoundationandtherecentlyformedNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering. This year, there were 245 full manuscripts submitted to the conference which was twice the number s- mitted in 2003 and almost four times the number of submissions in 2001. Of these papers, 27 were accepted as oral presentations, and 36 excellent subm- sions that could not be accommodated as oral presentations were presented as posters. Selection of the papers for presentation was a di?cult task as we were unable to accommodate many of the excellent papers submitted this year. All accepted manuscripts were allocated 12 pages in these proceedings.