The introduction of total joint arthroplasty throughout the world has contributed manifold benefits to patients who suffer from joint diseases. Concurrently, however, there has been an increase in revision surgery. Many orthopedic surgeons agree that durability of prostheses is an eternal problem. In particular, periprosthetic osteolysis recently has been identified as one of the serious problems affecting prosthetic dura­ bility. To improve durability, osteolysis and many other problems must be investi­ gated and solved both experimentally and clinically with respect to such aspects as prosthetic material, design, and biological and biomechanical behavior. This book comprises 37 papers that were presented by orthopedic surgeons and biomedical engineers at the 28th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Replace­ ment Arthroplasty, held in March 1998 in Kanazawa, Japan. The volume is thus a compilation of the latest knowledge about the pathogenesis and reduction of osteolysis and wear, newly developed total hip prostheses, and other current topics of total knee arthroplasty. We earnestly hope that this book will be of benefit to clinicians and researchers, and that it will contribute to the creation of more durable total joint prostheses in the future. SHINICHI IMURA v Contents Preface .................... '" .. .. .. ... . .. .. .. . ... .. . . .. . ... . . .. . V List of Contributors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XI . . . . . . . . . . . . Part 1 Wear and Pathogenesis of Osteolysis Friction and Wear of Artificial Joints: A Historical Review N. AKAMATSU ................................................ , 3 Matrix Degradation in Osteoclastic Bone Resorption Under Pathological Conditions .