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Laser Applications in Medicine and Biology: Volume 2

Autor Myron Wolbarsht
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 28 apr 2012
In the intervening years since the publication of Volume I, the develop­ ment of new uses for the various types of lasers has proceeded at a rate more rapid than even the most fanciful dreamers envisioned. Of course, the main effort has been on the laser itself-new wavelengths, shorter and longer time domains for pulses, increases in power, and, most important, greater reliability. In its first stage the laser was described as a solution in search of a problem. The production of holograms was one problem whose solution seemed to involve large number of lasers. However that proposal had its own difficulties, for the hologram itself was described as a solution searching for a problem. But all of that now is a chapter from ancient history . On the current scene the laser is used in industrial pro­ duction lines, as a classroom item at all levels of education, and in com­ mercial usage such that the public is generally exposed to the laser devices themselves. Trial runs have been made, e. g. , of laser-based supermarket checkout devices and as commercial exploitation of this item begins, cer­ tainly many more similar adaptations will follow. However, the shift in emphasis from research usage of lasers to de­ velopment and production has been relative rather than absolute. The use of the laser in research has not lessened; rather it has grown at as fast a pace. Yet a similar trend is seen there also.
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781461573258
ISBN-10: 1461573254
Pagini: 432
Ilustrații: XX, 404 p.
Dimensiuni: 178 x 254 x 23 mm
Greutate: 0.75 kg
Ediția:Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1974
Editura: Springer Us
Colecția Springer
Locul publicării:New York, NY, United States

Public țintă

Research

Cuprins

1 Microbeams.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Instrumentation.- 3. Methodologies Employed with Microbeam Irradiation.- 4. Studies on Cell Function and Structure.- 5. Conclusion.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 2 Lasers in Ophthalmology.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Coherence.- 3. Consequences of Coherence.- 4. Lasers.- 5. The Eye.- 6. The Laser Refractor.- 7. Laser Acuity Testing.- 8. Retinal Visual Acuity in the Case of Cataracts.- 9. The Laser Cane.- 10. Laser Treatment for Corneal Ulcers.- 11. Laser Photocoagulation.- 12. Conclusion.- References.- 3 Holography of the Eye: A Critical Review.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Applications.- 3. Possible Methods of Hologram Formation.- 4. Methods of Achieving Magnification.- 5. Special Holographic Techniques.- 6. Choice of Parameters.- 7. Speckle.- 8. Holograms of the Eye.- 9. Proposed Applications of Ocular Holography.- 10. Summary.- Acknowledgments.- Appendix—Information Content of Eye Holograms.- References.- 4 Quantitative Laser Microprobe Analysis.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Instrumentation.- 3. Standardization.- 4. Sample Preparation.- 5. Applications.- 6. Sensitivity.- 7. Laser Microprobe vs. Other Probes.- 8. Conclusions.- References.- 5 Laser Flow Microphotometers for Rapid Analysis and Sorting of Individual Mammalian Cells.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Flow Microphotometry.- 3. Flow Microfluorometry (FMF).- 4. Biological Applications of FMF II.- 5. Preparation of Cell Samples for FMF Analysis.- 6. Multiparameter Cell Analysis and Sorting.- 7. Light Scattering.- 8. Future Applications.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 6 Biological Damage Resulting from Thermal Pulses.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Calculation of the Temperature Distribution.- 3. Chemical Rate Equations.- 4. Biological Results at Elevated Temperatures.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 7 LaserProtective Eyewear.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Applications.- 3. Laser Viewing Enhancement Goggles.- 4. Parameters of Laser Eye Protection.- 5. Methods of Construction.- 6. Selecting Appropriate Eyewear.- 7. Commercial Sources of Laser Eye Protection.- 8. Testing Laser Eye Protection.- 9. Marking of Eye Protection.- 10. Eye Protection for Infrared Lasers.- 11. Eye Protection for Pump Lamps and Tunable Wavelength Lasers.- 12. Polarizing Filters.- 13. Dynamic Eye Protection Devices.- 14. Future Developments.- References.- 8 Lasers in Surgery.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Critical Review and History of Laser Surgery.- 3. Carbon Dioxide Laser Surgery.- 4. Surgical Applications of Other Lasers.- 5. The Future of Lasers in Surgery.- 6. Summary and Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 9 The Carbon Dioxide Laser in Clinical Surgery.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Observations on the Applicability of the Carbon Dioxide Laser in Specific Clinical Conditions.- 3. Design and Development of a New Carbon Dioxide Surgical Laser.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 10 The Formulation of Protection Standards for Lasers.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Analysis of Safety Regulations in Massachusetts.- 3. The Outlook for Federal Regulations.- 4. State Regulations in the United States.- 5. Protection Standards for Retinal Hazards: Considerations of Biological Data.- 6. The Selection of Proper Format and Levels—Neither Too Detailed Nor Too Conservative.- 7. Extrapolation.- 8. The ANSI-Z-136 Standards.- 9. Other Standards.- 10. Present Problems and Future Plans.- References.- 11 Dentistry and the Laser.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Early Laser Investigations.- 3. Investigations Leading to Laser-Induced Caries Inhibition.- 4. Laser Effects on Dental Soft Tissue.- 5. Potential Applications.- 6. Summary.- Acknowledgments.-References.- Author Index.