Letters On The Elements Of Botany de Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Letters On The Elements Of Botany

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

en Limba Engleză Paperback – 30 sep 2008

Among the many interests of Swiss philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–78) was botany. These letters 'addressed to a lady' came to the attention of Thomas Martyn, professor of botany at the University of Cambridge, who thought that 'if [they were] translated into English, they might be of use to such … as wished to amuse themselves with natural history'. However, when the translation was done, he 'perceived that the foundation only being laid by the ingenious author, it could be of little service, without raising the superstructure'. Martyn's 1785 publication, of which we have reissued the 1791 third edition, adds notes and corrections to Rousseau's original thirty-two letters which explain the structure of plants and their ordering in the Linnaean system. Martyn urges the reader not to study it 'in the easy chair at home': it 'can be no use but to such as have a plant in their hand'.

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Notă biografică

Jean-Jacques Rousseau (28 June 1712 - 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher, writer and composer. His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution and the development of modern political, economic and educational thought. His Discourse on Inequality and The Social Contract are cornerstones in modern political and social thought. Rousseau's sentimental novel Julie, or the New Heloise (1761) was important to the development of preromanticism and romanticism in fiction. His Emile, or On Education (1762) is an educational treatise on the place of the individual in society. Rousseau's autobiographical writings-the posthumously published Confessions (composed in 1769), which initiated the modern autobiography, and the unfinished Reveries of a Solitary Walker (composed 1776-1778)-exemplified the late-18th-century Age of Sensibility, and featured an increased focus on subjectivity and introspection that later characterized modern writing. Rousseau befriended fellow philosophy writer Denis Diderot in 1742, and would later write about Diderot's romantic troubles in his Confessions. During the period of the French Revolution, Rousseau was the most popular of the philosophers among members of the Jacobin Club. He was interred as a national hero in the Panthéon in Paris, in 1794, 16 years after his death.

Cuprins

Translator's preface; Introduction; 1. The true use of botany; 2. Double flowers to be avoided; 3. Botany not to be studied by books; 4. Reason why two stamens are shorter than the other four in cruciform flowers; 5. Glands very small; 6. The umbellate and other natural tribes of plants; 7. Botany a study of curiosity only; 8. The manner how to form a hortus siccus; 9. The skill of a botanist; 10. Genera and species; 11. Explanation of generic and specific characters of plants; 12. The examination of plants; 13. Corn and grasses; 14. Other plants of the third class; 15. The fourth class; 16. The fifth class; 17. Nectary; 18. Hexandria monogynia; 19. Heptandria; 20. The eleventh class; 21. Class Icosandria; 22. Fourteenth class, Didynamia; 23. Fifteenth class, Tetradynamia; 24. Plants to be examined at different seasons; 25. Class seventeenth, Diadelphia; 26. Class Syngenesia; 27. The twentieth class; 28. The twenty-first class; 29. The twenty-second class; 30. The twenty-third class; 31. The different forms and structure of the nectary; 32. The twenty-fourth class; Index of the English names of plants; Index of Latin names; Natural tribes, or orders of plants; Index of terms.