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Mass Growth of Large Pwo4 Single Crystals for Particle Detection in High-Energy Physics Experiments at Cern: From Linear Programming to Metaheuristics

Autor Aleksandr Nikolaevich Annenkov, Yurii Sergeevich Kuz'minov
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 30 sep 2009
The growth of a very large number of lead tungstate crystals for compact muon solenoid experiments at CERN is described. 75 000 lead tungstate scintillation crystals (230 mm long, 40 mm in diameter) were produced for electromagnetic calorimeters.The book describes all aspects of production of these crystals, from equipment to testing.Contents1. Application of crystal scintillators in high-energy physics (structure of PWO crystals, point defects and scintillation properties of PWO crystals, special features of applicattion of PWO crystals in the electromagnetic calorimeters of the compact muon solenoid (CMS) experiments2. Control of defect formation in lead tungstate crystals (equipment and methods, radiation hardness and formation of point defects in PWO crystals)3.Technology of mass production of PWO crystals (starting material, selection of crucible material and crucible design, annealing and machining of PWO crystals, etc)4. Quality control system in mass production of PWO crystals (special features of certification of PWO scintillators for CMS project ACCOS - automatic system of quality control of crystals, control of micro-impurities in crystals, statistical distribution of radiation hardness of PWO crystals, etc)
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781904602880
ISBN-10: 1904602886
Pagini: 118
Dimensiuni: 156 x 237 x 7 mm
Greutate: 0.18 kg
Editura: Cambridge International Science Publishing Ltd.

Cuprins

 Introduction
1. Using crystal scintillators in high-energy physics
2. Control of defect formation in lead tungstate crystals
3. Technology of mass production of lead tungstate single crystals
4. Quality control in mass production of lead tungstate crystals
5. Conclusions
6. References