Historical conditions at the end of the eighteenth century opened an arena between the formerly autonomous Jewish community and the Christian world, which yielded new departure points for philosophy: Revelation and philosophical reason, dialectically considered; rationalism as intellection and advancing consciousness, heteronomous revelation, historicity, and universal morality. This anthology restructures the history of modern Jewish thought in comprehensive fashion, and provides first-time English translations of Reggio, Krokhmal, Maimon, Samuel Hirsch, Formstecher, Steinheim, Ascher, Einhorn, Samuel David Luzzatto and Hermann Cohen. The availability of these sources fills a gap in the field, and stimulates new directions for teaching and scholarly research in modern Jewish thought - going beyond Spinoza and Mendelssohn at one end, and popular 20th century figures on the other.