Molecular Biology of Plant Viruses

1. Genome of RNA Viruses.- Specific Gene Classes.- Non-Coding Functions of Viral RNAs.- Interactions with Coat Protein.- Conclusions.- References.- 2. Genome of DNA Viruses.- Genome Organization.- Gene Functions.- Gene Expression.- References.- 3. Genome Organization in RNA Viruses.- Genome Maps of Positive-Stranded RNA Viruses.- Genome Maps of Plant Negative-Stranded RNA Viruses.- Genome Maps of Plant Double-Stranded RNA Viruses.- Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 4. Gene Expression in Positive Strand RNA Viruses:Conventional and Aberrant Strategies.- Viral Genomic RNA as a Single Translation Unit.- Access to Internal Genes.- Proteolytic Processing.- Conclusions.- References.- 5. Molecular Basis of Genetic Variability in RNA Viruses.- Genetic Mechanisms of Variability.- Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 6. Genetic Variability and Evolution.- Variability under Experimental Conditions.- Variability under Natural Conditions.- Factors Determining Genetic Structureof Virus Populations.- Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 7. Molecular Basis of Virus Transport in Plants.- Pathways of Virus Movement.- Identification of Viral Movement Protein Genes.- Characteristics of Plant Viral Movement Proteins.- Tubules.- Models of Cell-to-Cell Movement.- Movement Protein-Host Interactions.- Viral Genes Influencing Vascular Movement.- Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 8. Molecular Basis of Virus Transmission.- Transmission by Arthropod Vectors.- Transmission by Soil-Inhabiting Nematodes.- Transmission by Zoosporic Fungi.- Transmission by Seed and Pollen.- 9. Molecular Basis of Symptomatology.- Genetic Basis of Symptom Expression.- Molecular Biology of Symptom Expression.- Conclusions.- References.- 10. Gene-for-Gene Interactions.- Host Factors.- Virus Factors.- Plant Viruses Evolve to Evade Host Recognition.- Other Virus-Host Interactions Leading to Resistance.- Applications.- References.- 11. Molecular Biology of Viroids.- Viroids: The Simplest Genetic Systems.- Genomic Diversity.- Origin and Evolution.- Replication.- Genetic Determinants of Pathogenesis and Symptomatology.- Genetic Determinants of Other Viroid Functions.- References.- 12. Molecular Biology of Transgenic Plants.- Genetic Variability of Challenge Virus.- Heteroencapsidation.- Inheritance.- Synergism.- Other Effects.- Conclusions.- References.- 13. Gene Silencing.- Types of Gene Silencing.- Mechanisms of Gene Silencing.- Conclusions.- References.