On the Spirit and the Self: The Religious Art of Marc Chagall compliments and extends the scholarship surrounding Chagall's place in the History of 20th Century Art as a Religious artist. Central to this study is the psychic process of individuation and the ways in which images appear to depict the deeper changes in our collective human existence. A new perspective on Chagall's creative output is presented through the application of Jungian theory: Jung identifies a separation between the cultural and historical underpinnings of natal faith, or creed, and the presence of an internal, personal spirituality, or religious attitude. This theoretical approach helps to define Chagall's creative connection to his own natal Hasidic faith whilst clarifying the interiority of his religious experiences on a universal level. That creative development may be explored through the visual patterns of sacred transformative imagery is a new approach in Chagallian scholarship, elevating two key concepts: the Chagallian sacred-secular binary, and the Chagallian temenos sites. Primary source materials reflecting the Artist's voice are illuminated by more than seventy colour reproductions to support the perspective that, like Jung, Chagall was among the most prolific and significant religious communicators of the 20th Century.