Open Control Networks de Dietmar Loy

Open Control Networks: LonWorks/EIA 709 Technology

Dietmar Loy

Dietmar Dietrich

Hans-Jörg Schweinzer

Control networks span a wide range of application areas. These networks are put into action in the `Digital Home', industrial applications, commercial buildings, transportation systems, gas stations, security systems, and they are found in most instances where smart sensors and smart actuators are used to exchange information. The authors of this volume provide an overview of various control network protocols and discuss LonTalk® protocol, Neuron® chip, programming model, network structures, network management, interoperability between nodes, application profiles, development and maintenance tools, performance analysis, and standardization activities.
Open Control Networks: LonWorks/EIA 709 Technology will be an important resource for advanced students of control systems and embedded systems, engineers designing distributed networks, systems designers and architects, and others developing smart buildings and intelligent transportation systems.

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Cuprins

1 Introduction.- 1.1 Networking, Reasoning, Consequences.- 1.2 Control of Technical Processes.- 1.3 Communication as the Basis for Distributed Systems.- 1.4 Fundamental Application Concepts.- 1.5 Overview of Fieldbus Systems.- 1.6 The Road to Decentralization.- 2 Distributed System.- 2.1 Sensor-/Actuator Level.- 2.2 Distributed Systems based on LonWorks.- 2.3 An Example for a LonWorks System Design.- 2.4 Communication Efficiency and Transparency.- 2.5 Outlook on Future Distributed Applications.- 3 LonWorks Nodes.- 3.1 Node Overview.- 3.2 Node Memory.- 3.3 Pin Descriptions and Input/Output Interfaces.- 3.4 Clock System and Timer.- 3.5 Reset, Security Functions and Sleep Mode.- 3.6 Neuron ID and Service Pin.- 3.7 Programming Specialties.- 3.8 Connection to Host Processors.- 3.9 Components of LonWorks Nodes.- 4 The LonTalk Protocol.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Protocol Overview and Terminology.- 4.3 Addressing in LonTalk.- 4.4 Physical Layer.- 4.5 Link Layer.- 4.6 Network Layer.- 4.7 Transport Layer.- 4.8 Session Layer.- 4.9 Presentation and Application Layer.- 4.10 Network Management and Diagnostic.- 4.11 LonTalk PDU Format.- 5 Neuron Chip Firmware.- 5.1 CPU Model.- 5.2 Firmware Initialization.- 5.3 Firmware — Normal Operating Mode.- 5.4 Communication.- 6 Programming Model.- 6.1 Neuron C.- 6.2 Neuron C Scheduler.- 6.3 Communication Objects.- 7 Network Topologies and Network Interconnections.- 7.1 Characteristics of Bus Structures and Open Media.- 7.2 Repeater, Bridges, Router and Gateways.- 7.3 Routing in LonWorks Networks.- 7.4 LonWorks Router.- 7.5 Communication Media supported by LonWorks Routers.- 7.6 Network Interconnections.- 8 Supported Input/Output Objects.- 8.1 Direct I/O Objects.- 8.2 Byte Serial Input/Output Objects.- 8.3 Bitserial Input/Output Objects.- 8.4Timer-Counter Objects.- 9 Interoperability.- 9.1 From Compatible to Plug-and-Play.- 9.2 Terminology.- 9.3 Requirements and Proof of Interoperability.- 9.4 Conformity and Interoperability with LonWorks.- 10 Profiles.- 10.1 Profile and Standard.- 10.2 Classes of Profiles.- 10.3 LonMark Functional Profiles.- 10.4 Profiles in the LonTalk Protocol.- 10.5 Example of a Functional Profile.- 11 A Distributed LonWorks Application.- 11.1 Process Course.- 11.2 Control Elements.- 11.3 From Control Sequences to Neuron C Programs.- 11.4 Plant Monitoring.- 11.5 Bus Topology.- 11.6 Application Limits.- 12 Tools.- 12.1 Overview.- 12.2 Design Tools.- 12.3 Test- and Diagnosis Tools.- 12.4 Tool Development.- 13 Performance Aspects.- 13.1 Methodology.- 13.2 Analysis.- 14 New Platforms.- 14.1 Standardization.- 14.2 VENUS Framework.- 14.3 L-Chip.- 14.4 Drivers and Software Tools.- 14.5 ORION Protocol Stack.- 14.6 System on a Chip and System Simulation.- 14.7 Gadget Stack.- Literature.- Appendix A Selected Component Manufacturers.