Practical Neutron Radiography
Editat de J.C. Domanusen Limba Engleză Paperback – 11 aug 2012
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9789401512985
ISBN-10: 9401512981
Pagini: 288
Ilustrații: XVIII, 270 p.
Dimensiuni: 155 x 235 x 15 mm
Greutate: 0.41 kg
Ediția:Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1992
Editura: SPRINGER NETHERLANDS
Colecția Springer
Locul publicării:Dordrecht, Netherlands
ISBN-10: 9401512981
Pagini: 288
Ilustrații: XVIII, 270 p.
Dimensiuni: 155 x 235 x 15 mm
Greutate: 0.41 kg
Ediția:Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1992
Editura: SPRINGER NETHERLANDS
Colecția Springer
Locul publicării:Dordrecht, Netherlands
Public țintă
ResearchCuprins
1. Introduction.- 2. Historical Development.- 3. Mathematical and Physical Foundations.- 4. Neutron Sources.- 4.1 Thermal Neutron Reactors.- 4.2 Accelerators.- 4.3 Radioisotopes.- 4.4 Sub-Critical Assemblies.- 4.5 Comparison of Neutron Sources.- 5. Neutron Beam.- 5.1 Nuclear Cross-Sections.- 5.2 Calculation of The Cross-Sections of Compounds.- 5.3 Neutron Moderation.- 5.4 Attenuation Coefficients.- 5.5 Utilization of The Attenuation of Radiation in Radiography.- 6. Imaging Techniques.- 6.1 Direct Exposure Technique.- 6.2 Transfer Technique.- 6.3 Track-Etch Technique Using Nitrocellulose Film.- 6.4 Dynamic Imaging Methods.- 6.5 Tomography.- 6.6 Comparison of Various Imaging Techniques.- 7. Image Recorders.- 7.1 Photographic Film.- 7.2 Nitrocellulose Film.- 7.3 Comparison Between Silver-Halide and Nitrocellulose Film With Regard to Image Recording and Quality.- 8. Converters.- 8.1 Converters for Direct and Transfer Technique.- 8.2 Converters for Photographic Film Imaging.- 8.3 Converters for Track-Etch Method.- 9. Neutron Radiography Facilities.- 9.1 Choice of Neutron Sources.- 9.2 Neutron Beam Filters.- 10. Collimators.- 10.1 Collimator Geometry.- 10.2 Other Collimation Considerations.- 10.3 Collimator Design.- 10.4 Walls and Their Lining.- 10.5 Filling of The Collimator.- 10.6 Shutters and Diaphragms.- 10.7 Seals for in-Pool Collimators.- 10.8 Measuring of The L/D Ratio.- 11. Radiographic Techniques.- 11.1 Geometry of Exposure.- 11.2 Exposure Factors.- 12. Exposure Facilities.- 12.1 Mounting of Objects for Radiography.- 12.2 Geometry of Exposure.- 12.3 Shielding.- 12.4 Radiation Safety.- 12.5 Marking and Identification.- 12.6 Image Quality Indicators.- 12.7 Exposure Chart/Technique Log.- 12.8 Examples of an Exposure Facility.- 13. Processing of Films.- 13.1 Silver Halide Film.- 13.2 Nitrocellulose Film.- 14. Radiographic Darkroom and Accessories.- 14.1 Darkroom Lay-Out.- 14.2 Cassettes.- 15. Viewing of Neutron Radiographs.- 15.1 Viewing Conditions.- 15.2 Neutron Radiographs on Silver Halide Film.- 15.3 Neutron Radiographs on Nitrocellulose Film.- 15.4 Assessment, Interpretation and use of Radiographs on Nitrocellulose Film.- 16. Measuring Dimensions From Neutron Radiographs.- 16.1 Measuring Methods and Instruments.- 16.2 Phase Analysis Technique.- 16.3 The Nrwg Test Program.- 16.4 Dimensions Measured From Neutron Radiographs.- 16.5 Accuracy of Dimensional Measurements.- 16.6 Conclusions About Measuring Accuracies.- 17. Indicators for Image Quality Control.- 17.1 IQI’s Used in Industrial Radiography.- 17.2 The Astm Beam Purity Indicator.- 17.3 The Nrwg Beam Purity Indicator.- 17.4 Use of The BPI’s.- 17.5 The Nrwg Beam Purity Indicator-Fuel.- 17.6 Determination of Exposure Contributors.- 17.7 Sensitivity Indicator.- 17.8 Neutron Radiographic Categories.- 17.9 The Afnor IQI’s.- 17.10 Calibration Fuel Pin.- 17.11 Evaluation of The Astm And Nrwg Indicators.- 17.12 Evaluation of The Afnor Indicators.- 17.13 Other Methods.- 18. Typical Applications of Neutron Radiography.- 18.1 General Survey.- 18.2 Nuclear Applications.- 18.3 Technical and Industrial Applications.- 18.4 Non-Industrial Applications.- 19. Dynamic Neutron Radiography.- 19.1 Neutron Beam Characteristics.- 19.2 Imaging Systems.- 19.3 Applications.- 20 Standards in The Field of Neutron Radiography.- 20.1 Present Status.- 20.2 National Standards.- 20.3 International Standards.- 21. Neutron Radiography Facilities in The European Communities.- 21.1 NR Facilities for Different Applications.- 22 Terminology and Definitions.- 23 Useful Data.- Acknowledgements.- References.