Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), a process of utilising on-structure or remote sensing systems and/or imaging techniques to monitor the performance of structures and evaluate their health conditions, has rapidly grown worldwide on its research and industrial practices in recent years. Recent disastrous bridge failures, such as the collapses of the Nanfang'ao tied-arch bridge in Taiwan, the Wuxi National Highway 312 overpass in China, and the Pont de Mirepoix suspension bridge in France, all in the year 2019, and the Mexico City Metro overpass collapse in 2021, have further reminded us of the importance of structural health monitoring for civil infrastructures. During the last three decades, SHM has attracted enormous research efforts around the world because it targets on monitoring structural conditions to prevent catastrophic failure and to provide quantitative data for engineers and infrastructure owners to design reliable and economical asset management plans. This book showcases the recent advancement in SHM research, especially for civil engineering applications in Australia, covering the state-of-the-art SHM technologies together with its latest developments and successful applications. The book provides a glance on the research outcomes in SHM-related areas delivered by some of the experts in Australian universities. This book is launched to mark the significant milestone of the 10th Anniversary of Australian Network of Structural Health Monitoring (ANSHM) and its contribution to the SHM research and practice over the past 12 years since its inception in 2009. The preparation of this book for an intended completion in 2020 was significantly delayed due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Network, comprising leading Australian SHM experts, aims to promote and advance SHM application, education, research and development in Australia. Although the title of the book highlights recent SHM advances in Australia, the technologies and approaches described can be applied around the world.