The study of retroviruses is known as retrovirology. Retrovirus is any group of viruses that belong to the family of retroviridae, these viruses carry their genetic blueprint in the form of ribonucleic acid. In most viruses, DNA is translated into RNA, and then RNA is translated into protein. However, retroviruses function differently, as their RNA is reversed into DNA. Retroviruses affect both humans and animals. In animals, it causes tumor growth and certain cancers that are linked with slow infections such as equine infectious anemia. Whereas in human beings, retroviruses such as HTLV-1 cause cancer called adult T-cell leukemia. HIV retrovirus in humans causes disease like AIDS. The treatment of infection by retroviruses includes antiretroviral drugs and medications. This book contains some path-breaking studies in the field of retrovirology. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. Students, researchers, experts and all associated with retrovirology will benefit alike from this book.