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Social Inequality and Social Stratification in U.S. Society

Autor Christopher Doob
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 21 aug 2017
Social Inequality � examining our present while understanding our past. Social Inequality and Social Statification in US Society, 1st edition uses a historical and conceptual framework to explain social stratification and social inequality. The historical scope gives context to each issue discussed and allows the reader to understand how each topic has evolved over the course of American history. The authors use qualitative data to help explain socioeconomic issues and connect related topics. Each chapter examines major concepts, so readers can see how an individual�s success in stratified settings often relies heavily on their access to valued resources�types of capital which involve finances, schooling, social networking, and cultural competence. Analyzing the impact of capital types throughout the text helps map out the prospects for individuals, families, and also classes to maintain or alter their position in social-stratification systems.Learning GoalsUpon completing this book, readers will be able to:Analyze the four major American classes, as well as how race and gender are linked to inequalities in the United StatesUnderstand attempts to reduce social inequalityIdentify major historical events that have influenced current trendsUnderstand how qualitative sources help reveal the inner workings that accompany people�s struggles with the socioeconomic orderRecognize the impact of social-stratification systems on individuals and families
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781138467965
ISBN-10: 1138467960
Pagini: 408
Dimensiuni: 174 x 246 mm
Greutate: 0.45 kg
Ediția:1
Editura: Taylor & Francis
Colecția Routledge
Locul publicării:Oxford, United Kingdom

Public țintă

Undergraduate

Cuprins

Chapter 1 The Road to Social Inequality: A Conceptual Introduction; Chapter 2 In Marx’s Wake: Theories of Social Stratification and Social Inequality; Chapter 3 Repeat Performance: Globalization through Time and Space; Chapter 4 Foundation for Social Inequality: Concepts and Structures; Chapter 5 Heading the Hierarchy: Upper Class or Superclass?; Chapter 6 The Badly Besieged Middle Class; Chapter 7 Working Class: Estranged from Entitlement; Chapter 8 American Poverty: The Dream Turned Nightmare; Chapter 9 Racism: A Persistent American Presence; Chapter 10 Women’s Oppression: Sexism and Intersectionality; Chapter 11 Astride with the Best and the Wisest;

Recenzii

Through a historically grounded conceptual framework that explains the presence and reproduction of social stratification and social inequality, [Social Inequality and Social Stratification in US Society] analyzes the four major American classes (upper class, middle class, working class, and the poor), identifies the major historical events that have influenced contemporary social inequality, and supplements the quantitative overview of rates and trends with rich, qualitative sources that reveal how the American dream of socioeconomic uplift is really an American nightmare.
Doob pays careful attention to how American capitalism functions as a system of class and caste, with special attention to status groups, occupational mobility, income and wealth, and many other elements that facilitate stratification and limit life chances. Unlike many other textbooks on the market, which attempt a faux ‘‘fair and balanced’’ overview of various ‘‘theories’’ of stratification that attempt to explain away inequality as an unfortunate by-product of the liberal state or as a problem only of irrational, microlevel discrimination, Doob stakes his claim early on. Briefly noting Davis and Moore’s (1945) structural–functionalist theory of stratification, he moves quickly through its flaws and takes the reader on a tour de force of more critical perspectives: from Marxist critiques, Weberian ‘‘iron cages,’’ Mills’ ‘‘power elite’’ to Dye’s institutional elite, where he does not dismiss any of the aforementioned perspectives but honestly shows how each shines light on a different aspect of capital, labor, and our major social structures.
Social Inequality and Social Stratification in US Society is an excellent book for those looking to introduce young readers to the paradoxes, contradictions, and human suffering inherent in the capitalist enterprise.
Matthew W. Hughey in Humanity & Society 2015, Vol. 39(2) 258

Descriere

Expounding on the results of the author‘s work with the US Army Research Office, DARPA, the Office of Naval Research, and various defense industry contractors, Governing Lethal Behavior in Autonomous Robots explores how to produce an "artificial conscience" in a new class of robots, humane-oids, which are robots that can potentially perform more ethically than humans in the battlefield. The author examines the philosophical basis, motivation, theory, and design recommendations for the implementation of an ethical control and reasoning system in autonomous robot systems, taking into account the Laws of War and Rules of Engagement.The book presents robot architectural design recommendations forPost facto suppression of unethical behavior,Behavioral design that incorporates ethical constraints from the onset,The use of affective functions as an adaptive component in the event of unethical action, andA mechanism that identifies and advises operators regarding their ultimate responsibility for the deployment of autonomous systems.It also examines why soldiers fail in battle regarding ethical decisions; discusses the opinions of the public, researchers, policymakers, and military personnel on the use of lethality by autonomous systems; provides examples that illustrate autonomous systems ethical use of force; and includes relevant Laws of War.Helping ensure that warfare is conducted justly with the advent of autonomous robots, this book shows that the first steps toward creating robots that not only conform to international law but outperform human soldiers in their ethical capacity are within reach in the future. It supplies the motivation, philosophy, formalisms, representational requirements, architectural design criteria, recommendations, and test scenarios to design and construct an autonomous robotic system capable of ethically using leth