Springer Handbook of Experimental Fluid Mechanics: Springer Handbooks
Editat de Cameron Tropea, Alexander Yarin, John F. Fossen Limba Engleză Electronic book text – 9 sep 2007
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9783540302995
ISBN-10: 3540302999
Dimensiuni: 193 x 242 mm
Ediția:2007
Editura: Springer
Colecția Springer
Seria Springer Handbooks
Locul publicării:Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany
ISBN-10: 3540302999
Dimensiuni: 193 x 242 mm
Ediția:2007
Editura: Springer
Colecția Springer
Seria Springer Handbooks
Locul publicării:Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany
Public țintă
ResearchCuprins
Introduction
The expression: "analytical work", often connotes an effort in which basic expressions are combined to analyze a given problem and to derive new information and insight from the resulting mathematical steps of the analysis. Specifically, having started with the appropriate relationships and bringing appropriate mathematical manipulations to the task, the analyst is able to create new information to address the motivating question(s).
A central organizing theme of this handbook is that ‘experimental fluid mechanics" can be understood as a parallel activity to that described above. The motivating questions will set the context for the experiment. The experiment will be established as a boundary value problem in which the experimentalist will address all aspects of the boundary conditions that will influence the "solution." If a transient or an evolving solution is sought, the appropriate initial conditions will similarly be addressed.
Having established these conditions, the solution to the boundary value problem will be revealed in the experimental data that will – ideally – not be contaminated by unintended or unknown perturbing effects and that will be fully converged if statistical average values are sought.
Part A Experiments in Fluid Mechanics
The objective of Part A is to establish the fundamental concepts and equations that undergird experimental fluid mechanics. The first chapter: addresses both the governing equations and the constitutive equations for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. Chapter 2 provides the systematic bases for model testing and the scaling of experimental results. Sections 2.1 through 2.7 derive similitude parameters (Reynolds number, Froude number, etc.) from the governing equations and the boundary conditions. Dimensional analysis (Sect. 2.2) provides a rational approach for the organization and interpretation of experimental data; Sect. 2.3, self-similarity, documents known flow fields that exhibit this condition and it provides guidance on what other flows may exhibit this behavior. The encyclopedic presentation of examples will allow the reader to comprehend the universal features of both complete and incomplete self-similarity.
Chap. 1The Experiment as a Boundary-Value Problem
Chap. 2Nondimensional Representation of the Boundary-Value Problem
Part B Measurement of Primary Quantities
The objective of Part B is to provide specific information to the reader on the following primary quantities: material properties (Chap. 3), flow field properties (Chap. 4 – pressure, Chap. 5 – velocity, vorticity, Mach number, Chap. 6 – spatial density variations and Chap. 7 – temperature and heat flux) and forces and moments (Chap. 8). Chapter 3 is focused on providing quantitative information for the material properties, the sources of this information and the associated confidence levels for the given data. Chapters 4 through 8 provide comprehensive guidance to the reader on: i) the objectives, ii) the available equipment, iii) the utilization techniques, and iv) the post-processing of the primitive information for the stated quantities.
Chap. 3Material Properties: Measurement and Data
Chap. 4Pressure Measurement Systems
Chap. 5Velocity, Vorticity and Mach Number
Chap. 6 Spatial Density Variations
Chap. 7Temperature, Concentration and Heat Flux
Chap. 8Forces and Moments
Part C Specific Experimental Approaches
Building on the previous two parts of this Springer Handbook, which have dealt with the fundamental concepts and equations that undergrid experimental fluid mechanics and the measurement of primary quantities, respectively, Part C addresses experimental fluid mechanics from an application point of view. According to application, often unique and specific forms of equipment, experimental procedure, or analysis and interpretation of results have been developed. It is the purpose of Part C to elucidate a selection of such application areas, in particular measurements of non-Newtonian flows, turbulence, flow visualization, wall-bounded flows, surface topology, turbomachines, hydraulics, aerodynamics, atmospheric and oceanographic measurements, combustion diagnostics and electrohydrodynamic systems.
Chap. 9Non-Newtonian Flows
Chap. 10Measurement of Turbulent Flows
Chap. 11Flow Visualization
Chap. 12Wall-Bounded Flows
Chap. 13Surface Topology
Chap. 14Turbomachines
Chap. 15Hydraulics
Chap. 16Aerodynamics
Chap. 17Atmospheric Measurements
Chap. 18Oceanographic Measurements
Chap. 19The No-Slip Boundary Condition
Chap. 20Combustion Diagnostics
Chap. 21Electrohydrodynamic Systems
Part D Analyses and Post-Processing of Data
This final part of the Springer Handbook is actually meant to be a reference source about single and data processing techniques commonly encountered in fluid mechanics. These topics have been complemented by a section discussing data acquisition by imaging detectors, a topic becoming increasingly important for optical measurement techniques. These are all subjects, which in their development are not naturally associated with fluid mechanics; hence Part D attempts to collect information from many diverse sources and present them conveniently to the fluid mechanic researcher. Topics covered in this part include fundamental topics of signal and data processing transforms (Fourier, Hilbert, wavelet), proper orthogonal decomposition and stochastic estimation. This is followed by a discussion of estimator expectation and variance and the influence of noise on these quantities. The Cramèr-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) is introduced and developed for several common signal processing examples from fluid mechanics. Imaging detectors and measures of their performance are then discussed in detail before closing with a chapter on image processing and motion analysis, two topics especially relevant for the Particle Image Velocity (PIV) measurement technique.
Chap. 22Review of Some Fundamentals
Chap. 23Fundamentals of Data Processing
Chap. 24Data Acquisition
Chap. 25Data Analyses
About the Authors
Subject Index
The expression: "analytical work", often connotes an effort in which basic expressions are combined to analyze a given problem and to derive new information and insight from the resulting mathematical steps of the analysis. Specifically, having started with the appropriate relationships and bringing appropriate mathematical manipulations to the task, the analyst is able to create new information to address the motivating question(s).
A central organizing theme of this handbook is that ‘experimental fluid mechanics" can be understood as a parallel activity to that described above. The motivating questions will set the context for the experiment. The experiment will be established as a boundary value problem in which the experimentalist will address all aspects of the boundary conditions that will influence the "solution." If a transient or an evolving solution is sought, the appropriate initial conditions will similarly be addressed.
Having established these conditions, the solution to the boundary value problem will be revealed in the experimental data that will – ideally – not be contaminated by unintended or unknown perturbing effects and that will be fully converged if statistical average values are sought.
Part A Experiments in Fluid Mechanics
The objective of Part A is to establish the fundamental concepts and equations that undergird experimental fluid mechanics. The first chapter: addresses both the governing equations and the constitutive equations for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. Chapter 2 provides the systematic bases for model testing and the scaling of experimental results. Sections 2.1 through 2.7 derive similitude parameters (Reynolds number, Froude number, etc.) from the governing equations and the boundary conditions. Dimensional analysis (Sect. 2.2) provides a rational approach for the organization and interpretation of experimental data; Sect. 2.3, self-similarity, documents known flow fields that exhibit this condition and it provides guidance on what other flows may exhibit this behavior. The encyclopedic presentation of examples will allow the reader to comprehend the universal features of both complete and incomplete self-similarity.
Chap. 1The Experiment as a Boundary-Value Problem
Chap. 2Nondimensional Representation of the Boundary-Value Problem
Part B Measurement of Primary Quantities
The objective of Part B is to provide specific information to the reader on the following primary quantities: material properties (Chap. 3), flow field properties (Chap. 4 – pressure, Chap. 5 – velocity, vorticity, Mach number, Chap. 6 – spatial density variations and Chap. 7 – temperature and heat flux) and forces and moments (Chap. 8). Chapter 3 is focused on providing quantitative information for the material properties, the sources of this information and the associated confidence levels for the given data. Chapters 4 through 8 provide comprehensive guidance to the reader on: i) the objectives, ii) the available equipment, iii) the utilization techniques, and iv) the post-processing of the primitive information for the stated quantities.
Chap. 3Material Properties: Measurement and Data
Chap. 4Pressure Measurement Systems
Chap. 5Velocity, Vorticity and Mach Number
Chap. 6 Spatial Density Variations
Chap. 7Temperature, Concentration and Heat Flux
Chap. 8Forces and Moments
Part C Specific Experimental Approaches
Building on the previous two parts of this Springer Handbook, which have dealt with the fundamental concepts and equations that undergrid experimental fluid mechanics and the measurement of primary quantities, respectively, Part C addresses experimental fluid mechanics from an application point of view. According to application, often unique and specific forms of equipment, experimental procedure, or analysis and interpretation of results have been developed. It is the purpose of Part C to elucidate a selection of such application areas, in particular measurements of non-Newtonian flows, turbulence, flow visualization, wall-bounded flows, surface topology, turbomachines, hydraulics, aerodynamics, atmospheric and oceanographic measurements, combustion diagnostics and electrohydrodynamic systems.
Chap. 9Non-Newtonian Flows
Chap. 10Measurement of Turbulent Flows
Chap. 11Flow Visualization
Chap. 12Wall-Bounded Flows
Chap. 13Surface Topology
Chap. 14Turbomachines
Chap. 15Hydraulics
Chap. 16Aerodynamics
Chap. 17Atmospheric Measurements
Chap. 18Oceanographic Measurements
Chap. 19The No-Slip Boundary Condition
Chap. 20Combustion Diagnostics
Chap. 21Electrohydrodynamic Systems
Part D Analyses and Post-Processing of Data
This final part of the Springer Handbook is actually meant to be a reference source about single and data processing techniques commonly encountered in fluid mechanics. These topics have been complemented by a section discussing data acquisition by imaging detectors, a topic becoming increasingly important for optical measurement techniques. These are all subjects, which in their development are not naturally associated with fluid mechanics; hence Part D attempts to collect information from many diverse sources and present them conveniently to the fluid mechanic researcher. Topics covered in this part include fundamental topics of signal and data processing transforms (Fourier, Hilbert, wavelet), proper orthogonal decomposition and stochastic estimation. This is followed by a discussion of estimator expectation and variance and the influence of noise on these quantities. The Cramèr-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) is introduced and developed for several common signal processing examples from fluid mechanics. Imaging detectors and measures of their performance are then discussed in detail before closing with a chapter on image processing and motion analysis, two topics especially relevant for the Particle Image Velocity (PIV) measurement technique.
Chap. 22Review of Some Fundamentals
Chap. 23Fundamentals of Data Processing
Chap. 24Data Acquisition
Chap. 25Data Analyses
About the Authors
Subject Index
Recenzii
From
the
reviews:
"Handbooks are reference works for daily use by two main groups of people: on the one hand by experienced scientists, and by engineers or physicists … . And, on the other hand, by students … . due to the breadth and depth, this book serves both groups excellently. … In summary, the community of fluid mechanics today has in their hands a highly valuable and important new book, which is a major reference in our science and will soon become a standard reference." (Günter Brenn, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 51, 2008)
"The stated purpose of this 1500 page handbook is to provide comprehensive information to the experimental fluid mechanics community for planning, executing, and interpreting experiments. … A DVD-ROM PDF version of the handbook accompanies the hardback book. … The book is excellent for a user who wants to obtain some information on a given topic without reading and digesting many papers. … production quality is excellent too. … The high-quality drawings, photos, and figures are clearly labeled and captioned." (Roger L. Simpson, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Journal, Vol. 46 (10), 2008)
"Handbooks are reference works for daily use by two main groups of people: on the one hand by experienced scientists, and by engineers or physicists … . And, on the other hand, by students … . due to the breadth and depth, this book serves both groups excellently. … In summary, the community of fluid mechanics today has in their hands a highly valuable and important new book, which is a major reference in our science and will soon become a standard reference." (Günter Brenn, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 51, 2008)
"The stated purpose of this 1500 page handbook is to provide comprehensive information to the experimental fluid mechanics community for planning, executing, and interpreting experiments. … A DVD-ROM PDF version of the handbook accompanies the hardback book. … The book is excellent for a user who wants to obtain some information on a given topic without reading and digesting many papers. … production quality is excellent too. … The high-quality drawings, photos, and figures are clearly labeled and captioned." (Roger L. Simpson, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Journal, Vol. 46 (10), 2008)
Notă biografică
C.
Tropea:
Professor
Tropea
studied
and
worked
in
Toronto,
Karlsruhe
and
Erlangen
before
taking
the
Chair
of
Fluid
Mechanics
and
Aerodynamics
at
the
Technical
University
of
Darmstadt
in
1997.
His
background
is
in
experimental
fluid
mechanics
and
he
has
authored
numerous
book
sections
and
journal
publications
on
this
subject.
He
is
currently
Editor
of
Experiments
in
Fluids
from
Springer-Verlag
and
was
previously
Editor-in-Chief
of
Measurement
Science
and
Technology
from
IOP
Publishing.
J. F. Foss
Professor Foss received his BSME (1961), MSME (1962) and Ph.D. (1965) from Purdue University. He has been on the faculty at Michigan State University since 9/1964. He served as the NSF Program Director for Fluid Dynamics and Hydraulics (1998-2000). His research specialty is vorticity measurements. His research group addresses fundamental and applied problems in turbulent flows. The latter are primarily associated with automotive applications. He is a Fellow of ASME and the A.V. Humboldt Stiftung and a Chartered Physicist of the IOP. He holds 7 patents involving fluid mechanics.
A. Yarin:
Alexander Yarin is currently a Professor at the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at the University of Illinois at Chicago, USA. In 1990-2005 he was a Professor at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology. Professor Yarin is an applied physicist working in the field of fluid mechanics. He received his PhD and Habilitation degrees from the Institute for Problems in Mechanics, USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow. His main contributions are related to the free surface flows (jets, films, fibers, threads and droplets) of Newtonian and rheologically complex liquids. He is an author of 2 monographs, 5 chapters in books and 170 research articles.
J. F. Foss
Professor Foss received his BSME (1961), MSME (1962) and Ph.D. (1965) from Purdue University. He has been on the faculty at Michigan State University since 9/1964. He served as the NSF Program Director for Fluid Dynamics and Hydraulics (1998-2000). His research specialty is vorticity measurements. His research group addresses fundamental and applied problems in turbulent flows. The latter are primarily associated with automotive applications. He is a Fellow of ASME and the A.V. Humboldt Stiftung and a Chartered Physicist of the IOP. He holds 7 patents involving fluid mechanics.
A. Yarin:
Alexander Yarin is currently a Professor at the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at the University of Illinois at Chicago, USA. In 1990-2005 he was a Professor at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology. Professor Yarin is an applied physicist working in the field of fluid mechanics. He received his PhD and Habilitation degrees from the Institute for Problems in Mechanics, USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow. His main contributions are related to the free surface flows (jets, films, fibers, threads and droplets) of Newtonian and rheologically complex liquids. He is an author of 2 monographs, 5 chapters in books and 170 research articles.
Textul de pe ultima copertă
This
Handbook
consolidates
authoritative
and
state-of-the-art
information
from
the
large
number
of
disciplines
used
in
experimental
fluid
mechanics
into
a
readable
desk
reference
book.
It
comprises
four
parts
covering
Experiments
in
Fluid
Mechanics,
Measurement
of
Primary
Quantities,
Specific
Experimental
Environments
and
Techniques,
and
Analyses
and
Post-Processing
of
Data.
TheSpringer Handbook of Experimental Fluid Mechanicshas been prepared for physicists and engineers in research and development in universities, industry and in governmental research institutions or national laboratories. Both experimental methodology and techniques are covered fundamentally and for a wide range of application fields. A generous use of citations directs the reader to additional material on each subject.
Key Topics
TheSpringer Handbook of Experimental Fluid Mechanicshas been prepared for physicists and engineers in research and development in universities, industry and in governmental research institutions or national laboratories. Both experimental methodology and techniques are covered fundamentally and for a wide range of application fields. A generous use of citations directs the reader to additional material on each subject.
Key Topics
- Experiments in fluid mechanics
- The boundary-value problem
- Measurement of material properties: density, surface tension, contact angle, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity, diffusion, electric and magnetic parameters of liquids and gases
- Fundamentals of data acquisition, processing and analysis
- Measurement systems for temperature, density, flow velocity, vorticity, Mach number, heat flux, pressure shear stress, forces and moments
- Applications: non-Newtonian flows, turbulence, turbomachinery, aerodynamics, hydraulics, microfluidmechanics, flow visualization, atmospheric and oceanographic measurements, electrohydrodynamic systems, combustion diagnostics
- Contains over 900 two-color illustrations.
- Includes over 100 comprehensive tables summarizing experimental techniques and properties of materials.
- Emphasizes physical concepts over extensive mathematical derivations.
- Delivers
a
wealth
of
up-to-date
references
and
further
reading.
Caracteristici
Compilation
of
advanced
methods
of
experimental
fluid
mechanics
Characterization methods from the macroscopic to the nanometer scale
Written by experts from world's leading institutes
Extensive references to approved primary data sources
Characterization methods from the macroscopic to the nanometer scale
Written by experts from world's leading institutes
Extensive references to approved primary data sources
Descriere
This
key
text
is
a
Springer
Handbook
–
a
totally
authoritative
handbook
on
a
major
current
topic.
It
consolidates
state-of-the-art
information
from
the
large
number
of
disciplines
used
in
Experimental
Fluid
Mechanics
into
a
readable
desk
reference.