The Last Vikings: The Epic Story of the Great Norse Voyagers
Autor Kirsten A. Seaveren Limba Engleză Paperback – 18 sep 2019
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9781350143364
ISBN-10: 1350143367
Pagini: 304
Ilustrații: 16 integrated bw and 1 map
Dimensiuni: 129 x 198 x 15 mm
Greutate: 0.32 kg
Editura: Bloomsbury Publishing
Colecția Bloomsbury Academic
Locul publicării:London, United Kingdom
ISBN-10: 1350143367
Pagini: 304
Ilustrații: 16 integrated bw and 1 map
Dimensiuni: 129 x 198 x 15 mm
Greutate: 0.32 kg
Editura: Bloomsbury Publishing
Colecția Bloomsbury Academic
Locul publicării:London, United Kingdom
Notă biografică
Kirsten A. Seaver is an independent historian who has taught at the University of Stanford. She has also worked as a novelist and a translator and her work has been published extensively in both English and Norwegian. A Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, London, her previous publications include 'Maps, Myths, and Men: The Story of the Vinland Map' and 'The Frozen Echo'.
Cuprins
IntroductionChapter 1: No forwarding addressPhysical description of Greenland . The push westwards . Additional source material . Modern voices of gloom and doom. Chapter 2: Eirik the Red knew where to go Medieval geographical knowledge . Eirik the Red goes west . Norse navigation .A daring real estate venture . Dividing up a new land . Eirik the Red settles in .Establishing homes in the wilderness . Brattahlid then and now. Chapter 3: Forging a new homeland A new society takes shape . Putting food on the table . The role of domestic animals . Adapting to Greenland . Cows versus sheep and goats . Cultural distinctiveness .Fuel . Slaves and hired hands . Social structure . Voyages to the High Arctic .Missing resources. Chapter 4: Leif Eiriksson explores another new landNo game of chance . The men in charge . Reaching the other side . Life at L'Anse aux Meadows . Discovering Vínland grapes . Follow-up voyages . Encountering Vínland natives . The aftermath.Chapter 5: The fictional Norse in North America Prince Madoc of Wales . Earl Henry Sinclair of Orkney . The Westford stone . The Newport Tower . The Kensington Rune Stone . The Spirit Pond stones . The Vinland Map . Norumbega. Chapter 6: Who were the Skrælings? The spherical world picture . Monstrous races of the Far North . The West had finally met the East . Norse interaction with Arctic natives.Chapter 7: Relations with Church and CrownGeographical independence . Christianity reaches the Northwest Atlantic . Imported from The British Isles . Organized Christianity . Greenland becomes a diocese . Greenland priests . Royal pressure from Norway . The sea was still the highway . Small royal impact on Greenland . Tithes and taxes increase . Ívar Bárdarson's mission . No more resident Gardar bishops . Did the Greenlanders lose their Christian faith? Chapter 8: Foreign tradeMarketable Greenland commodities . Walrus ivory kept its value . Early markets and trade routes . Consolidation of the European markets . The Hanseatic League . Norse Greenland and Norwegian trade legislation . The art of 'drifting off.' Chapter 9: Contact with IcelandDisease: an unwelcome travel companion . Norwegian politics in Iceland . End of the Icelandic commonwealth . Iceland under the new rule . Björn Einarsson 'Jerusalem-Farer' and his circle . Sigrid Björnsdaughter . The Black Death . Thorstein Olafsson plans his future . Leaving Greenland in 1410 . From Norway to Iceland . Another transfer of royal power. Chapter 10: The English in the North AtlanticEnglish focus on Iceland . King Eirik comes to power . Thorstein Olafsson's circle and the English . Moving westwards . Where was Thorstein in 1419-1420? . Tantalizing archaeological evidence . In Iceland meanwhile - - . A further sea change . Sharpened conflict with the English . The English tighten their grip . Passing the generational torch . The English encounter a headwind.Chapter 11: Where did the Norse Greenlanders go?Papal laments . Other end game scenarios . Changes in animal husbandry . Choices . Greenland and the North Atlantic economy . John Cabot's successors . The early cartographic record . Claudius Clavus . Larsen's fantasy . Portuguese experience and the 1502 'Cantino' map . English experience and the 1507/08 Ruysch map . João Fernandes, llavrador . João's Bristol contacts . Tracing João Fernandes and Richard Warde.Chapter 12: Who went looking for them?Erik Valkendorf's Greenland plans . Erik Valkendorf and Ívar Bárdarson . Ívar's wider sphere of influence . The 'new' Greenland emerges . Misplaced, but not forgotten . Early post-Valkendorf attempts to reach the Norse . Concerted efforts by Christian IV . Claus Christoffersen Lyschander (1558-1624) . Changing priorities . Hans Egede (1686-17