The Red Road and Other Narratives of the Dakota Sioux: Studies in the Anthropology of North American Indians
Autor Samuel Mniyo, Robert Goodvoice Editat de Daniel M. Beveridge Traducere de Jurgita Antoine Cuvânt înainte de David Reed Milleren Limba Engleză Hardback – feb 2020
This book presents two of the most important traditions of the Dakota people, the Red Road and the Holy Dance, as told by Samuel Mniyo and Robert Goodvoice, two Dakota men from the Wahpeton Dakota Nation near Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Canada. Their accounts of these central spiritual traditions and other aspects of Dakota life and history go back seven generations and help to illuminate the worldview of the Dakota people for the younger generation of Dakotas, also called the Santee Sioux.
“The Good Red Road,” an important symbolic concept in the Holy Dance, means the good way of living or the path of goodness. The Holy Dance (also called the Medicine Dance) is a Dakota ceremony of earlier generations. Although it is no longer practiced, it too was a central part of the tradition and likely the most important ceremonial organization of the Dakotas. While some people believe that the Holy Dance is sacred and that the information regarding its subjects should be allowed to die with the last believers, Mniyo believed that these spiritual ceremonies played a key role in maintaining connections with the spirit world and were important aspects of shaping the identity of the Dakota people.
In The Red Road and Other Narratives of the Dakota Sioux, Daniel Beveridge brings together Mniyo and Goodvoice’s narratives and biographies, as well as songs of the Holy Dance and the pictographic notebooks of James Black (Jim Sapa), to make this volume indispensable for scholars and members of the Dakota community.
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9781496214621
ISBN-10: 1496214625
Pagini: 336
Ilustrații: 15 photographs, 9 figures, 7 tables, 5 maps, glossary, 6 appendixes
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 26 mm
Greutate: 0.66 kg
Editura: Nebraska
Colecția University of Nebraska Press
Seria Studies in the Anthropology of North American Indians
Locul publicării:United States
ISBN-10: 1496214625
Pagini: 336
Ilustrații: 15 photographs, 9 figures, 7 tables, 5 maps, glossary, 6 appendixes
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 26 mm
Greutate: 0.66 kg
Editura: Nebraska
Colecția University of Nebraska Press
Seria Studies in the Anthropology of North American Indians
Locul publicării:United States
Notă biografică
Samuel Mniyo (1929–99) (Dakota) was raised in the Wahpeton Dakota Reserve. Robert Goodvoice (1901–86) (Dakota) was a tribal historian (known as a knowledge keeper). Daniel Beveridge is an emeritus assistant professor of education at the University of Regina.
Cuprins
List of Illustrations
Foreword by David R. Miller
Editor’s Preface and Acknowledgments
List of Abbreviations
Part 1. Editor’s Introduction
The Red Road (Ċaŋkú Dúta) and the Holy Dance (Wak̇áŋ Waċípi)
Four Strands, One Rope
Sam Buffalo/Samuel Mniyo
Dan Beveridge
Robert Goodvoice
Jim Sapa/James Black
The Dakóta Oyáte (Dakota Nation)
Early Migration Theories
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi (Holy Dance) and Ċaŋkú Dúta (Red Road) in Comparative Perspective
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi (Holy Dance)
The Ċaŋkú Dúta (Red Road)
The Origin of the Medicine Dance (Holy Dance) and the Red Path (1972)
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi in Dakota Society
Origin Stories
Performance
Songs, Song Boards, and Song Sticks
Organization of the Book
Note on Editing and Orthography
Part 2. The Narratives of Samuel Mniyo (Sam Buffalo)
Introduction
Why and How This Story Was Written
Four Eras in Isáŋti Dakota History
Who Taught Me These Stories
The Era of the Red Road Journey (Tiwópida Oíhduhe)
The Red Road Journey of the Dakota People, 1977
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Ok̇odakíċiye (Holy Dance Society) and Ċaŋkú Dúta Owíċimani (Red Path Journey), 1965
The Song Stick (Wak̇áŋ Dowáŋpi), 1966 and 1967
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Ok̇odakíċiye (Holy Dance Society) and Ċaŋkú Dúta Owíċimani (Red Road Journey), 1977
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Ok̇odakiċiye (Holy Dance Society) and Ċaŋkú Dúta Owiċimani (Red Road Journey), 1985
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Ok̇odakiċiyepi (Holy Dance Society) and Ċaŋkú Dúta Owiċimani (Red Road Journey), 1997
The Legend of Corn, 1997 and 1999
The Dakota Turning Point: The Dakota Divided (Three Versions)
The Red Road Journey Continues, 1997
The Circle Power Era (Tiyóti Oíhduhe)
Changing from the Tiwópida Oíhduhe to the Tiyóti Oíhduhe (part 1)
Changing from the Tiwópida Oíhduhe to the Tiyóti Oíhduhe (part 2)
Tiyóti Oíhduhe: The Tiyóti System (The Circle System) in Dakota Society
The Seven Circles
The Sacred Hoop: Learning and Teaching over the Life Span
The Sacred Hoop: Comparing the Tiwópida Oíhduhe and the Tiyóti Oíhduhe
Learning and Teaching over the Life Span: Belief, Identity, Skills, Attitudes
Belief: The Story of Kas’ákuwiŋ
Identity
Skills: The Story of Tióde
Attitude
Friendship: The Story of Siŋkpé
Learning and Teaching under the Circle System (continued)
The Trading and Reserve Era or the Christian Era and Adjusting to Life on Reserves
Beginning Life on Reserves: Upper Sioux
The End of the Tiyóti System: The Christian Church as Wópida
The Minnesota Massacre
My Family History: How the Isáŋti People Came to Canada
Chief Whitecap
The Dakota Bands in Canada; the Little Red River Sioux Camp and the Last Tiyóti Oíhduhe
The Little Red River Sioux Camp I.R. 94B, the Establishment of Wahpeton Dakota Reserve 94A
The Present Challenge
Dakota Elders’ Predictions about Reserve Life; Living Well and Living Disorderly; the Early Promise of Reserve Life
Rule by Indian Agents, Breakdown of Traditional Practices, Kahómni Dance, Disorganization and Organization, We Live Disorderly, Odákota Is Confused
The Present Challenge
Samuel Mniyo’s Own Story
Three Events in My Early Life Experience
Visions and Dreams: Four Meetings with My Spiritual Guide
Sam’s Birth
Sam and Dan by Daniel M. Beveridge
Samuel Mniyo’s Time Line by Daniel M. Beveridge
Part 3. The Narratives of Robert Goodvoice
Traditional History
Introduction: Learning Traditional Knowledge and Skills from the Older Generations, and the Loss of Culture (part 1)
The Origin of the Ċaŋkú Dúta (Red Road or Red Path) and Wak̇áŋ Waċípi (Holy Dance or Medicine Dance), 1972 version
The Origin of the Ċaŋkú Dúta (Red Path) and the Gift of Medicinal Plants, 1977 version
Becoming a Member of the Ċaŋkú Dúta (Red Path) Society
Learning Traditional Knowledge, Skills and Medicine from the Older Generations (part 2)
How the Dakota People Began the Sundance
Uŋktómi, Dakota Spirit Helper
Living in the Four Circles, the Tiyótipi, Dividing into Sub-tribes, Moving Northeast
The Names of the Twelve Months
Relations with the White Men
First Contact with Europeans
The War of 1812: Alliance with the British; Promises and Rewards; Seven Boatloads (Oċéti Ṡakówiŋ); The Medals; Boundary Cairns
The Treaty of 1851
The 1862 Dakota War
Dispersal, and Ṫaċáŋ Iṡóta’s Search for His Parents
The Kidnapping and Pursuit of Dakota Leaders after 1862
The Move to Prince Albert
James McKay, Húpa Iyáḣpeya and the 1876–1877 Trek to the Prince Albert District
The Wahpeton Chiefs; Ahíyaŋke Obtains Land for Round Plain Reserve in 1893
How My Grandfather Was Lost and Received Guidance from a Poplar Tree
People with the Power to Find Things
Part 4. The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Songs and Song Stick of Henry Two Bear and the Pictographic Notebooks of James Black (Jim Sapa)
Introduction
Daniel M. Beveridge
Discovering the Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Dakota Song Stick
Dan Beveridge
A Prairie Puzzle: The Wakan-Wacipi Dakota Song Stick
Henry Two Bear: Transcriber of the Songs and Keeper of the Song Stick
Comments by Samuel Mniyo
Comments by Dan Beveridge
The Henry Two Bear Song Stick or Song Board (Wak̇áŋ Dowáŋpi)
Dan Beveridge
The Songs of the Wak̇áŋ Waċípi
Introduction
Dan Beveridge and Jurgita Antoine
The Songs of the Wak̇áŋ Waċípi (Wak̇aŋ Waċipi Odowaŋ)
As written down by Henry Two Bear and retranscribed and translated by Jurgita Antoine
Songs Texts in Free Translation
The Songs: As transcribed by Henry Two Bear
James Black, Keeper of the Notebooks, and the Last Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Ceremony
Samuel Mniyo
The Pictographic Notebooks of James Black (Jim Sapa)
Dan Beveridge
Introduction
The Images
Appendix 1. Santee (Eastern Sioux) History Timeline
Appendix 2. Family History and Family Tree of Sam Buffalo
Appendix 3. Biographical Sketches
Appendix 4. Oral History of the Wahpaton Dakota
Appendix 5. Etude de cas: Une tradition chez les Dakotas
Appendix 6. Guide to Pronunciation and Orthography
Glossary
Notes
Bibliography
Foreword by David R. Miller
Editor’s Preface and Acknowledgments
List of Abbreviations
Part 1. Editor’s Introduction
The Red Road (Ċaŋkú Dúta) and the Holy Dance (Wak̇áŋ Waċípi)
Four Strands, One Rope
Sam Buffalo/Samuel Mniyo
Dan Beveridge
Robert Goodvoice
Jim Sapa/James Black
The Dakóta Oyáte (Dakota Nation)
Early Migration Theories
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi (Holy Dance) and Ċaŋkú Dúta (Red Road) in Comparative Perspective
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi (Holy Dance)
The Ċaŋkú Dúta (Red Road)
The Origin of the Medicine Dance (Holy Dance) and the Red Path (1972)
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi in Dakota Society
Origin Stories
Performance
Songs, Song Boards, and Song Sticks
Organization of the Book
Note on Editing and Orthography
Part 2. The Narratives of Samuel Mniyo (Sam Buffalo)
Introduction
Why and How This Story Was Written
Four Eras in Isáŋti Dakota History
Who Taught Me These Stories
The Era of the Red Road Journey (Tiwópida Oíhduhe)
The Red Road Journey of the Dakota People, 1977
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Ok̇odakíċiye (Holy Dance Society) and Ċaŋkú Dúta Owíċimani (Red Path Journey), 1965
The Song Stick (Wak̇áŋ Dowáŋpi), 1966 and 1967
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Ok̇odakíċiye (Holy Dance Society) and Ċaŋkú Dúta Owíċimani (Red Road Journey), 1977
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Ok̇odakiċiye (Holy Dance Society) and Ċaŋkú Dúta Owiċimani (Red Road Journey), 1985
The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Ok̇odakiċiyepi (Holy Dance Society) and Ċaŋkú Dúta Owiċimani (Red Road Journey), 1997
The Legend of Corn, 1997 and 1999
The Dakota Turning Point: The Dakota Divided (Three Versions)
The Red Road Journey Continues, 1997
The Circle Power Era (Tiyóti Oíhduhe)
Changing from the Tiwópida Oíhduhe to the Tiyóti Oíhduhe (part 1)
Changing from the Tiwópida Oíhduhe to the Tiyóti Oíhduhe (part 2)
Tiyóti Oíhduhe: The Tiyóti System (The Circle System) in Dakota Society
The Seven Circles
The Sacred Hoop: Learning and Teaching over the Life Span
The Sacred Hoop: Comparing the Tiwópida Oíhduhe and the Tiyóti Oíhduhe
Learning and Teaching over the Life Span: Belief, Identity, Skills, Attitudes
Belief: The Story of Kas’ákuwiŋ
Identity
Skills: The Story of Tióde
Attitude
Friendship: The Story of Siŋkpé
Learning and Teaching under the Circle System (continued)
The Trading and Reserve Era or the Christian Era and Adjusting to Life on Reserves
Beginning Life on Reserves: Upper Sioux
The End of the Tiyóti System: The Christian Church as Wópida
The Minnesota Massacre
My Family History: How the Isáŋti People Came to Canada
Chief Whitecap
The Dakota Bands in Canada; the Little Red River Sioux Camp and the Last Tiyóti Oíhduhe
The Little Red River Sioux Camp I.R. 94B, the Establishment of Wahpeton Dakota Reserve 94A
The Present Challenge
Dakota Elders’ Predictions about Reserve Life; Living Well and Living Disorderly; the Early Promise of Reserve Life
Rule by Indian Agents, Breakdown of Traditional Practices, Kahómni Dance, Disorganization and Organization, We Live Disorderly, Odákota Is Confused
The Present Challenge
Samuel Mniyo’s Own Story
Three Events in My Early Life Experience
Visions and Dreams: Four Meetings with My Spiritual Guide
Sam’s Birth
Sam and Dan by Daniel M. Beveridge
Samuel Mniyo’s Time Line by Daniel M. Beveridge
Part 3. The Narratives of Robert Goodvoice
Traditional History
Introduction: Learning Traditional Knowledge and Skills from the Older Generations, and the Loss of Culture (part 1)
The Origin of the Ċaŋkú Dúta (Red Road or Red Path) and Wak̇áŋ Waċípi (Holy Dance or Medicine Dance), 1972 version
The Origin of the Ċaŋkú Dúta (Red Path) and the Gift of Medicinal Plants, 1977 version
Becoming a Member of the Ċaŋkú Dúta (Red Path) Society
Learning Traditional Knowledge, Skills and Medicine from the Older Generations (part 2)
How the Dakota People Began the Sundance
Uŋktómi, Dakota Spirit Helper
Living in the Four Circles, the Tiyótipi, Dividing into Sub-tribes, Moving Northeast
The Names of the Twelve Months
Relations with the White Men
First Contact with Europeans
The War of 1812: Alliance with the British; Promises and Rewards; Seven Boatloads (Oċéti Ṡakówiŋ); The Medals; Boundary Cairns
The Treaty of 1851
The 1862 Dakota War
Dispersal, and Ṫaċáŋ Iṡóta’s Search for His Parents
The Kidnapping and Pursuit of Dakota Leaders after 1862
The Move to Prince Albert
James McKay, Húpa Iyáḣpeya and the 1876–1877 Trek to the Prince Albert District
The Wahpeton Chiefs; Ahíyaŋke Obtains Land for Round Plain Reserve in 1893
How My Grandfather Was Lost and Received Guidance from a Poplar Tree
People with the Power to Find Things
Part 4. The Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Songs and Song Stick of Henry Two Bear and the Pictographic Notebooks of James Black (Jim Sapa)
Introduction
Daniel M. Beveridge
Discovering the Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Dakota Song Stick
Dan Beveridge
A Prairie Puzzle: The Wakan-Wacipi Dakota Song Stick
Henry Two Bear: Transcriber of the Songs and Keeper of the Song Stick
Comments by Samuel Mniyo
Comments by Dan Beveridge
The Henry Two Bear Song Stick or Song Board (Wak̇áŋ Dowáŋpi)
Dan Beveridge
The Songs of the Wak̇áŋ Waċípi
Introduction
Dan Beveridge and Jurgita Antoine
The Songs of the Wak̇áŋ Waċípi (Wak̇aŋ Waċipi Odowaŋ)
As written down by Henry Two Bear and retranscribed and translated by Jurgita Antoine
Songs Texts in Free Translation
The Songs: As transcribed by Henry Two Bear
James Black, Keeper of the Notebooks, and the Last Wak̇áŋ Waċípi Ceremony
Samuel Mniyo
The Pictographic Notebooks of James Black (Jim Sapa)
Dan Beveridge
Introduction
The Images
Appendix 1. Santee (Eastern Sioux) History Timeline
Appendix 2. Family History and Family Tree of Sam Buffalo
Appendix 3. Biographical Sketches
Appendix 4. Oral History of the Wahpaton Dakota
Appendix 5. Etude de cas: Une tradition chez les Dakotas
Appendix 6. Guide to Pronunciation and Orthography
Glossary
Notes
Bibliography
Recenzii
"The Red Road is a reference, a memoir, a history lesson, and a spiritual journey written for the next generation of the Dakota nation and published for all who are interested to enjoy."—Brandi Hilton-Hagemann, Ethnohistory Journal
"Dakota interested in the complexity of their culture, students of American Indians, and academics who want an example of how to negotiate between folk explanations and conventional historical narrative will all find something of value here. Those interested in the Medicine Dance complex of the Great Lakes will find a treasure."—Paul Eells, Journal of Folklore Research
“This is an important contribution that will appeal to scholarly and general audiences alike, both Native and non-Native. Documenting the oral traditions of four members of the Wahpeton Dakota Nation, The Red Road and Other Narratives of the Dakota Sioux offers unique perspectives on Dakota philosophy and spirituality and contributes to the continuity of Dakota culture, tradition, and identity through time.”—David C. Posthumus, assistant professor of anthropology and Native American studies at the University of South Dakota
“A source book for Dakota culture and spirituality, these carefully curated narratives succeed in fulfilling the wishes of Mniyo, Goodvoice, and others that future generations will benefit from Indigenous knowledge of the complex, changing relationship between ceremony, belief, and life.”—David G. McCrady, author of Living with Strangers: The Nineteenth-Century Sioux and the Canadian-American Borderlands
“In The Red Road and Other Narratives of the Dakota Sioux Samuel I. Mniyo (Sam Buffalo) and Robert Goodvoice record their people’s history and traditional principles for right living, pictured as the Red Road traversed from east to west. Both Elders hoped their detailed descriptions of the Holy Dance, the heart and embodiment of their nation, would enable their younger people to persevere in the ceremony and way of life. Daniel Beveridge’s collation and notes to the narratives bring this true Dakota knowledge to a wide readership.”—Alice B. Kehoe, anthropologist and author of The Ghost Dance: Ethnohistory and Revitalization
Descriere
The Red Road and Other Narratives of the Dakota Sioux presents the Red Road and the Holy Dance (also called the Medicine Dance), two of the most important traditions of the Dakota people, as told by Samuel I. Mniyo and Robert Goodvoice, two Dakota men from the Wahpeton Dakota Nation near Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Canada.