Despite their differences, all 25 member States of the European Union agree that commercial activities should be controlled in the interests of market participants and that there must be rules to secure fairness. At the community level, there is a growing body of regulatory law dealing with unfair commercial practices. Within this framework, however, unfair competition law remains a matter for national law which depends on legal traditions, and cultural, linguistic and Historical particularities. It is only the two combined, the European requirements including the judicial; practice of the ECJ on the fundamental freedoms and national laws, which create European Unfair Competition Law. The book delineates, with extraordinary clarity and precision, the working of unfair competition law throughout the European Union.