Applying a new intelligence methodology of analysis by contrasting narratives on Al Qaeda This book fills a gap in intelligence studies by setting out a new analytic methodology of analysis by contrasting narratives (ACN) - defining an enemy and attempting to counter threats potentially can also contribute to the manifestation of the threat - and applies it to the problem the US faced in understanding and responding to the phenomenon of Al Qaeda in the 1990s. de Werd demonstrates how this approach can fill a gap in intelligence studies by enhancing the understanding of complex intelligence problems and strengthening the practice of intelligence analysis. Adopting a reflexivist theoretical stance, the book underlines the importance of an integrated approach to interpretation and action, and of a continuous dialogue between intelligence and policy. Peter de Werd is Assistant Professor in Intelligence and Security at the Netherlands Defence Academy, and has worked for the Netherlands Department of Defence in various positions and deployments over the last two decades.