This translation of selections from Reports on China’s Population and Labor (No. 17) allows readers to take stock of what China has done to tackle some of the country’s most important demographic and labor-related issues. The volume opens with two articles on the universal two-child policy, one of the most eagerly anticipated and closely watched population policy changes in recent years. These are followed by new population forecasts based on the new policy, and an analysis of what they mean for education resource allocation. In addition to familiar topics such as household registration, pension system reform and income distribution, this volume devotes considerable space to examining challenges facing Chinese women, especially those related to employment and marriage.